Vol. 8 No. 05 (2026): Volume 08 Issue 05

The socio-economic transformation of Uzbekistan during the period 2022–2026 represents a critical phase in the nation’s transition toward sustainable development, modernization, and global integration. This study develops a systems-based analytical model to evaluate the structural dynamics, policy mechanisms, and socio-economic outcomes associated with Uzbekistan’s development strategy. Drawing upon historical, economic, and cultural references, the research integrates traditional economic practices with contemporary reform frameworks to construct a multidimensional transformation model. The study employs a qualitative systems analysis approach, synthesizing historical data, field observations, and policy-driven economic structures to examine interdependencies between agriculture, crafts, industrial growth, and socio-cultural evolution. Findings indicate that sustainable transformation in Uzbekistan is contingent upon the harmonization of traditional economic systems with modern institutional reforms, particularly in rural economies such as the Kashkadarya oasis. The research identifies critical drivers, including agricultural modernization, cultural-economic integration, and policy-based governance reforms. However, structural limitations such as regional disparities and institutional inefficiencies persist. The study contributes to the theoretical discourse on transition economies by proposing a hybrid socio-economic transformation model that integrates historical continuity with innovation-driven development strategies.

The study was carried out to examine the relationship between external business environment and entrepreneurial performance of SMEs in South East, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: Examine the relationship between infrastructural facilities and service quality of SMEs in South East, Nigeria; Evaluate the relationship between government taxation policy and sales revenue of SMEs in South East, Nigeria and assess the relationship between new technologies and SMEs market growth of SMEs in South East, Nigeria. The descriptive survey research design was used to conduct the investigation. The area of the study was South East Nigeria. The study employed both primary and secondary data. The population of the study was 8,379,997. Freund and Williams formula was adopted in determining the sample size of 368. The data collected was analyzed using Mean and standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested using simple regression. The findings revealed that Infrastructural facilities have positive relationship with service quality of SMEs in South East, Nigeria (r =.465, N= 360, P=.000), Government taxation policy had positive relationship with sales revenue of SMEs in South East, Nigeria (r =.539, N= 360, P=.000) and new technologies have positive relationship with SMEs market growth of SMEs in South East, Nigeria (r =.406, N= 360, P =.000). In conclusion, this study demonstrates the significance of the external business environment in shaping the entrepreneurial performance of SMEs in South-East, Nigeria. The study recommended, among others, that Policymakers should prioritize the development of infrastructural facilities to support SME growth, also the government should review and reform taxation policies to create a favorable business environment for SMEs.

Resource conservation is essential to addressing global environmental challenges such as deforestation, desertification, and biodiversity loss. In Nigeria, weak institutions, inadequate funding, and poor community participation hinder sustainable conservation. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Nigeria’s conservation policies, identify key challenges, and propose adaptive strategies. Guided by the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, which explains stress arising from resource loss, the study adopts a qualitative research design using secondary data from scholarly publications, policy reports, and institutional documents. Findings reveal that global conservation successes rely on strong participation, policy coherence, and sustainable financing, while Nigeria’s progress remains constrained by governance weaknesses and limited stakeholder engagement. The study concludes that institutional reform, community-based conservation, and environmental education are crucial for achieving long-term sustainability. It recommends participatory, well-funded, and technologically supported conservation models suited to Nigeria’s ecological realities.