STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE LIVER IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Davron K.Muminov , Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Alisher M.Rakhmatullaev , Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent, UzbekistanAbstract
In clinical practice, combined cardiac and liver dysfunction coexist in the context of heart and liver disease due to complex cardiohepatic interactions. In recent years, the need to identify the interaction between the heart and liver in order to provide effective treatment for patients with heart or liver disease to ensure an improvement in overall prognosis and therapy has become increasingly urgent.
Keywords
Heart failure, congestive hepatosis, cardiac cirrhosis
References
Khadem, E.; Toosi, M.N.; Ilkhani, R. Liver- Heart Inter- Relationship in Fatty Liver Disease Based on the Avicenna’s Point of View. Iran. J. Public Health 2013, 42, 648–649.
Asrani, N.S.; Freese, D.K.; Phillips, S.D.; Heimbach, J.; Asrani, S.K.; Warnes, C.A.; Kamath, P.S. Congenital heart disease and the liver. Hepatology 2012, 56, 1160–1169.
Giallourakis, C.C.; Rosenberg, P.M.; Friedman, L.S. The liver in heart failure. Clin. Liver Dis. 2002, 6, 947–967. 4. De Gonza
lez, A.K.K.; Lefkowitch, J.H. Heart Disease and the Liver. Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am. 2017, 46, 421–435. Cells 2020, 9, 567 13 of 18
Myers, R.P.; Cerini, R.; Sayegh, R.; Moreau, R.; Degott, C.; Lebrec, D.; Lee, S.S. Cardiac hepatopathy: Clinical, hemodynamic, and histologic characteristics and correlations. Hepatology 2003, 37, 393–400.
Téllez, L.; Rodriguez-Santiago, E.; Albillos, A. Fontan-Associated Liver Disease: A Review. Ann. Hepatol. 2018, 17, 192–204.
Fauci, A.S.; Braunwald, E.; Hauser, S.L.; Longo, D.L.; Jameson, J.; Loscalzo, J. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine; McGraw-Hill Medical: New York, NY, USA, 2008; Volume 2.
Kiesewetter, C.H.; Sheron, N.; Vettukattill, J.J.; Hacking, N.; Stedman, B.; Millward-Sadler, H.; Haw, M.; Cope, R.; Salmon, A.P.; Sivaprakasam, M.C.; et al. Hepatic changes in the failing Fontan circulation. Heart 2006, 93, 579–584.
Weisberg, I.S.; Jacobson, I.M. Cardiovascular Diseases and the Liver. Clin. Liver Dis. 2011, 15, 1–20.
Vasconcelos, L.A.B.A.; De Almeida, E.A.; Bachur, L.F. Clinical evaluation and hepatic laboratory assessment in individuals with congestive heart failure. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2007, 88, 590–595.
Poelzl, G.; Eberl, C.; Achrainer, H.; Doerler, J.; Pachinger, O.; Frick, M.; Ulmer, H. Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Elevated γ-Glutamyltransferase in Chronic Heart Failure. Circ. Heart Fail. 2009, 2, 294–302.
Fuhrmann, V.; Jäger, B.; Zubkova, A.; Drolz, A. Hypoxic hepatitis – epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical management. Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 2010, 122, 129–139.
Dunn, G.D.; Hayes, P.; Breen, K.J.; Schenker, S. The liver in congestive heart failure: A review. Am. J. Med. Sci. 1973, 265, 174–189.
Shah, H.; Kuehl, K.; Sherker, A.H. Liver Disease After the Fontan Procedure. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2010, 44, 1.
Wells, M.L.; Fenstad, E.R.; Poterucha, J.T.; Hough, D.M.; Young, P.M.; Araoz, P.A.; Ehman, R.L.; Venkatesh, S.K. Imaging Findings of Congestive Hepatopathy. Radiographics 2016, 36, 1024–1037.
Dai, D.-F.; Swanson, P.; Krieger, E.; Liou, I.W.; Carithers, R.L.; Yeh, M.M. Congestive hepatic fibrosis score: A novel histologic assessment of clinical severity. Mod. Pathol. 2014, 27, 1552–1558.
Sherlock, S. The Liver in Heart Failure Relation of Anatomical, Functional, and Circulatory Changes. Heart 1951, 13, 273–293.
Maleki, M.; Vakilian, F.; Amin, A. Liver diseases in heart failure. Heart Asia 2011, 3, 143–149.
Russell, S.D.; Rogers, J.; Milano, C.A.; Dyke, D.B.; Pagani, F.D.; Aranda, J.M.; Klodell, C.T.; Boyle, A.J.; John, R.; Chen, L.; et al. Renal and Hepatic Function Improve in Advanced Heart Failure Patients During Continuous-Flow Support With the HeartMate II Left Ventricular Assist Device. Circulation 2009, 120, 2352–2357.
Dichtl, W.; Vogel, W.; Dunst, K.M.; Grander, W.; Alber, H.F.; Frick, M.; Antretter, H.; Laufer, G.; Pachinger, O.; Pölzl, G. Cardiac hepatopathy before and after heart. transplantation. Transpl. Int. 2005, 18, 697–702.
Seeto, R.K.; Fenn, B.; Rockey, D.C. Ischemic hepatitis: Clinical presentation and pathogenesis. Am. J. Med. 2000, 109, 109–113.
Harjola, V.-P.; Mullens, W.; Banaszewski, M.; Bauersachs, J.; Rocca, H.-P.B.-L.; Chioncel, O.; Collins, S.P.; Doehner, W.; Filippatos, G.S.; Flammer, A.; et al. Organ dysfunction, injury and failure in acute heart failure: From pathophysiology to diagnosis and management. A review on behalf of the Acute Heart Failure Committee of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2017, 19, 821–836.
Eipel, C.; Abshagen, K.; Vollmar, B. Regulation of hepatic blood flow: The hepatic arterial buffer response revisited. World J. Gastroenterol. 2010, 16, 6046–6057.
Henrion, J.; Descamps, O.; Luwaert, R.; Schapira, M.; Parfonry, A.; Heller, F. Hypoxic hepatitis in patients with cardiac failure: Incidence in a coronary care unit and measurement of hepatic blood flow. J. Hepatol. 1994, 21, 696–703.
Naschitz, J.E.; Yeshurun, D.; Shahar, J. Cardiogenic Hepatorenal Syndrome. Angiology 1990, 41, 893–900.
Birrer, R.; Takuda, Y.; Takara, T. Hypoxic hepatopathy: Pathophysiology and prognosis. Intern. Med. 2007, 46, 1063–1070. Cells 2020, 9, 567 14 of 18
Henrion, J.; Schapira, M.; Luwaert, R.; Colin, L.; Delannoy, A.; Heller, F.R. Hypoxic hepatitis: Clinical and hemodynamic study in 142 consecutive cases. Medicine 2003, 82, 392–406.
Denis, C.; De Kerguennec, C.; Bernuau, J.; Beauvais, F.; Cohen-Solal, A. Acute hypoxic hepatitis (‘liver shock’): Still a frequently overlooked cardiological diagnosis. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2004, 6, 561–565.
Giannini, E.G.; Testa, R.; Savarino, V. Liver enzyme alteration: A guide for clinicians. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 2005, 172, 367–379.
Cassidy, W.M.; Reynolds, T.B. Serum Lactic Dehydrogenase in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Hepatocellular Injury. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 1994, 19, 118–121.
Alvarez, A.M.; Mukherjee, D. Liver Abnormalities in Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure. Int. J. Angiol. 2011, 20, 135–142.
De La Monte, S.M.; Arcidi, J.M.; Moore, G.W.; Hutchins, G.M. Midzonal Necrosis as a Pattern of Hepatocellular Injury After Shock. Gastroenterology 1984, 86, 627–631.
Waseem, N.; Chen, P.-H. Hypoxic Hepatitis: A Review and Clinical Update. J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol. 2016, 4, 263–268.
Limas, C.J.; Guiha, N.H.; Lekagul, O.; Cohn, J.N. Impaired Left Ventricular Function in Alcoholic Cirrhosis with Ascites. Circulation 1974, 49, 755–760.
Møller, S.; Henriksen, J.H. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. J. Hepatol. 2010, 53, 179–190.
Article Statistics
Copyright License
Copyright (c) 2024 Davron K.Muminov, Alisher M.Rakhmatullaev

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.