Agriculture and Biomedical
| Open Access |
DOI: Karyotype Characterization and Idiogram Analysis of Sugar Beet (Beta Vulgaris L.) Varieties
Abstract
This study presents a comparative cytogenetic characterization of seven sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties based on karyotype analysis. The varieties Nimerchanskaya-030, Oniks, Novella, Lara, Diyor, Drujba, and Viktoriya were investigated using somatic metaphase chromosome analysis and idiogram construction. Two representative samples from each variety were analyzed, and idiograms were developed using IdeoKar software and graphically refined in Adobe Photoshop. Cytogenetic evaluation included 14 karyological parameters, including mean chromosome length (HCL), total form percentage (TF%), centromeric index (CI), arm ratio (AR), and karyotype asymmetry indices (AsK%, A₁, A₂, and AI). All varieties possessed the diploid chromosome number of 2n = 18 and consisted of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. Despite the conserved chromosome number, considerable inter-varietal variation was detected in chromosome length, centromere position, arm ratio, and karyotype asymmetry. Haploid chromosome analysis further demonstrated structural variation among varieties, with larger chromosomes predominantly classified as submetacentric and smaller chromosomes as metacentric. The constructed idiograms clearly illustrated these cytogenetic differences and provided a reliable basis for varietal identification, comparative karyotype characterization, and cytogenetic evaluation of sugar beet germplasm. The findings expand current knowledge of chromosome organization in Beta vulgaris and provide valuable cytogenetic information for future genetic research and breeding programs.
Keywords
Beta vulgaris L, sugar beet, karyotype analysis
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ko‘liboyev Vohidjon Qodirovich, Tog‘ayev Abdulatif Yusupovich
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