This article is devoted to the study of scientific, theoretical and methodological aspects of relations between the Khiva Khanate and the Russian Empire in the 19th century. The author analyzed the views of influential Uzbek and foreign researchers on international relations and foreign policy and tried to highlight the scientific, theoretical and methodological aspects of the relationship between the Khiva Khanate and the Russian Empire. This article is dedicated to the special aspects of the relationship between the Khanate of Khiva, a vassal state during the period of dependence, with the Russian Empire, diplomatic institutions, positions, persons who performed activities, and their duties.

This study employs an economic lens to analyze the legal frameworks of Nigeria, focusing on the intersection of law and economics within the country's legal system. Nigeria, as a prominent African nation with a diverse legal landscape, presents a compelling case for examining how economic principles influence legal institutions, regulations, and enforcement mechanisms. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this paper explores the economic rationale behind various legal provisions and assesses their impact on economic growth, investment, and development. By uncovering the economic implications of Nigerian laws, this study aims to provide insights for policymakers, legal practitioners, and scholars interested in enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of the country's legal system.

The work critically engulfs the events surrounding the January 6 riot, interactions, Trump’s alleged involvement, and the application of the 14th Amendment’s Section 3. The central question of the study puzzles on whether the said Amendment grants States jurisprudence to determine or alter presidential immunity. Drawing on Montesquieu's theory of separation of powers - a natural pillar of Federalism that was fundamental in drafting the US Constitution, the work embarks on an exploration that investigates the intersections of States prerogatives on Federal institutions. Building on these constructions, the work delves into intricate legal debates interlocking constitutional interpretation, and emphasizing its potential ramifications. The study employs comparative methodology; incorporating the ten Southern-States that barred Abraham Lincoln, and the case of USA vs Nixon. The approach illuminates political materialism, an enduring theme in American politics, thus, producing a better understanding of the state of the art, through the intrinsic corollaries of federalism in the ever evolving extensive milieus of political constitutionalism and legal canons.

The goals of creating a favorable political environment and political space for yourself and your partners in the international relations of the countries of the world, to be a leader in them, to practice free geopolitics are aspirations that have never become outdated. The consequences of the Second World War somewhat restrained such aspirations and somewhat strengthened the position of diplomacy and liberalism in international relations. Today, before a century has passed since those losses of mankind, this approach is again openly manifested as a strategy of strong states and large political entities to establish dominance at the global level, or to gain a complicated sphere of influence, breaking up and losing without such a possibility, crossing the borders of the region, territory, conscious agreement, diplomatic ethics.

This article examines such evils as "Islamophobia" that have a negative impact on the social and political activity of the youth of Central Asia.

The article is devoted to organizational and legal peculiarities of activity of the Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Center for Combating Illicit Trafficking of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and their Precursors (CARICC) as an interstate body designed to assist regional cooperation in combating illicit drug trafficking through exchange and analysis of operational information, organization and coordination of joint operations.

The author of the article notes the importance of multilateral format of cooperation in Central Asia in the field of combating drug trafficking and search for joint responses to the drug threat. It is suggested to use CARICC analytical materials in terms of strategic analysis of the situation related to drug production in Afghanistan, assessment of potential risks and threats to Central Asian states from drug trafficking.

In recent years, Uzbekistan's role in the world arena has been growing, and the country's positive influence on international processes has been increasing due to the pragmatic and active foreign policy pursued by the country's leadership. In this context, the country's active participation in multilateral cooperation institutions - international and regional organizations, including the CARICC format - plays an important role.

This paper examines the status of political rights among Indonesian citizens, focusing on the extent to which citizens are empowered to participate in the political process. Through a comprehensive analysis of legal frameworks, institutional mechanisms, and societal factors, the paper assesses the degree of political inclusivity and the effectiveness of mechanisms for ensuring citizen participation. Key issues such as electoral rights, freedom of expression, access to information, and participation in decision-making processes are explored to understand the broader landscape of political rights in Indonesia. The findings contribute to ongoing discussions on democratization, governance, and citizenship empowerment in the Indonesian context.

This article is devoted to legal security and its various types in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It examines the vital interests of legal subjects that are the subject of legal security, and provides a detailed analysis of different types of legal security, including constitutional-legal security, criminal-legal security, legal security in criminal proceedings, penitentiary security, civil-legal security, administrative-legal security, and environmental-legal security. Scientific conclusions and recommendations are formulated for further improvement of legal security across various branches of legislation in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

This article discusses the historical views and theories related to the origin of the Kurds, one of the most numerous nations in the world. Also, scientific discussions about the origin of the Kurds are widespread, and in this place, mainly three different theoretical approaches are discussed.