This paper examines the status of political rights among Indonesian citizens, focusing on the extent to which citizens are empowered to participate in the political process. Through a comprehensive analysis of legal frameworks, institutional mechanisms, and societal factors, the paper assesses the degree of political inclusivity and the effectiveness of mechanisms for ensuring citizen participation. Key issues such as electoral rights, freedom of expression, access to information, and participation in decision-making processes are explored to understand the broader landscape of political rights in Indonesia. The findings contribute to ongoing discussions on democratization, governance, and citizenship empowerment in the Indonesian context.

Political rights, citizenship empowerment, democratization

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