This study investigates the effects of crude oil contamination on the germination and emergence of Senna siamea, a species known for its ecological and economic significance. A controlled experiment was conducted to assess seed germination rates and seedling emergence in soils treated with varying concentrations of crude oil. Results indicated that increasing levels of crude oil negatively impacted both germination rates and seedling emergence, with higher concentrations leading to significant reductions in both metrics. Specifically, seed germination decreased by 40% at the highest crude oil concentration compared to the control group. Additionally, seedling emergence was delayed and resulted in lower survival rates in contaminated soils. The findings highlight the detrimental effects of crude oil pollution on Senna siamea, emphasizing the need for further research on remediation strategies to mitigate the impact of oil spills on native flora.

This study investigates the stability of yield and nutritional traits in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) across multiple environments, aiming to identify genotypes with consistent performance under varying climatic and soil conditions. Cowpea is a vital legume for food security in many tropical and subtropical regions, but its productivity is highly influenced by environmental factors. The study involved field trials conducted in different agro-climatic regions to assess the stability of key agronomic traits, such as pod yield, seed weight, protein content, and micronutrient levels. Stability was evaluated using statistical models that account for genotype-environment interactions, including the combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Eberhart and Russell stability model. Results revealed significant genotype × environment interactions, with certain genotypes displaying stable performance for both yield and nutritional quality, suggesting their potential for broader cultivation. The findings highlight the importance of selecting cowpea varieties with stable traits for improved productivity and nutritional value, especially in resource-constrained regions.