Applied Sciences
| Open Access |
DOI: Synthesis of Lightweight Aluminosilicate Proppants from Low-Grade Kaolinitic Clay And Industrial Waste
Bayraeva Nasiba Ashurbayevna , Researcher, Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Academy of Sciences of The Republic of Uzbekistan Egamberdiyev Abror Ibragimovich , PhD Student, Karshi State Technical University, Uzbekistan Adizov Bobirjon Zamirovich , Dsc, Prof. Institute of General and Inorganic, Chemistry of Academy of Sciences of The Republic of Uzbekistan Khomidov Fakhriddin Gafurovich , Dsc, Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Academy of Sciences of The Republic of Uzbekistan, Termez State University of Engineering and Agrotechnologies, Uzbekistan Abdurahimov Dilmurod Hayitmurotovich , PhD, Termez State University of Engineering and Agrotechnologies, UzbekistanAbstract
This study presents the synthesis of lightweight aluminosilicate ceramic proppants using Angren kaolinitic clay and ash–slag industrial waste as raw materials. The effects of composition and sintering temperature (1200–1250 °C) on phase composition and physicomechanical properties were investigated. The results show that increasing the sintering temperature enhances densification, promotes mullite formation, and improves mechanical strength and chemical stability. The optimal composition (CA-3) exhibited low bulk density (1.43 g/cm³), low crushing ratio (6.58%), and high acid resistance (5.56%). XRD analysis confirmed increased crystallinity and mullite development at higher temperatures. The developed proppants demonstrate competitive properties and offer a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional materials.
Keywords
Ceramic proppants, kaolinite clay, ash–slag waste
References
Tang Y., Ranjith P.G., Perera M.S.A. Major factors influencing proppant behavior and associated damage mechanisms during hydraulic fracturing. Acta Geotechnica. 2018. Vol. 13. P. 757–780.
Zhu J., Li F., Li X., Yang Z., Liao Z., Zhang J., Dorosti F., Wang H., Ge L. Valorization of aluminum–silica-based industrial solid waste to high-quality ceramic proppants: Waste sources and design strategies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2026. Vol. 546. P. 147800.
Ren Y., Ren Q., Huo Z., Wu X., Zheng J., Hai O. Preparation of glass-shell fly ash–clay-based lightweight aggregate with low water absorption using sodium carbonate solution as a binder. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2020. Vol. 256. P. 123606.
Handayani A.F., Rosyidah D.H., Sulaksitaningrum R., Susanto P.B., Umniati S. Andesite waste powder as a mineral admixture in concrete: A review. E3S Web of Conferences. 2023. Vol. 445. P. 01030.
Dong Z., Xia J., Fan C., Cao J. Activity of calcined coal gangue fine aggregate and its effect on the mechanical behavior of cement mortar. Construction and Building Materials. 2015. Vol. 100. P. 63–69.
Duan X.M., Xia J.W., Yang J.P. Influence of coal gangue fine aggregate on the microstructure of cement mortar and its mechanism. Journal of Building Materials. 2014. Vol. 17. P. 700–705.
Li Y., Zeng X., Zhou J., Shi Y., Umar H.A., Long G., Xie Y. Development of eco-friendly ultra-high-performance concrete based on waste basalt powder for the Sichuan–Tibet Railway. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021. Vol. 312. P. 127775.
Rashad A.M., Mohamed R.A.-E., Zeedan S.R., El-Gamal A.A. Basalt powder as a promising material for improving the properties of fly ash geopolymer cement. Construction and Building Materials. 2024. Vol. 435. P. 136805.
Yang H., Chen C., Pan L. Preparation of double-layer glass–ceramic/ceramic tiles from bauxite tailings and red mud. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2009. Vol. 29. P. 1887–1894.
Li Y., Lu J., Zeng Y., Liu Z., Wang C. Preparation and characterization of mullite powders from coal fly ash via mullitization and hydrothermal processes. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2018. Vol. 213. P. 518–524.
Zhou Y., Tian Y.M., Wang K.Y., Li G., Zou X.W., Chai Y.S. Optimization of low-cost, high-performance ceramic proppants using orthogonal experimental design. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017. Vol. 230. P. 012026.
Download and View Statistics
Copyright License
Copyright (c) 2026 Bayraeva Nasiba Ashurbayevna, Egamberdiyev Abror Ibragimovich, Adizov Bobirjon Zamirovich, Khomidov Fakhriddin Gafurovich, Abdurahimov Dilmurod Hayitmurotovich
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.