This study investigates the impact of selected agroforestry tree species on soil carbon content and pH levels in the Eastern Highlands of Kenya. The increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices necessitates an understanding of how tree integration affects soil health. Field experiments were conducted on farms with varying densities of common agroforestry species, including Grevillea robusta, Ficus sycomorus, and Morus alba. Soil samples were collected from different depths and analyzed for total carbon content and pH. The results indicated a significant increase in soil carbon levels in plots with tree species compared to control plots without trees. Additionally, notable changes in soil pH were observed, with some species leading to acidification while others enhanced alkalinity. These findings highlight the crucial role of agroforestry in improving soil quality and suggest that the strategic selection of tree species can optimize soil carbon storage and pH levels, contributing to sustainable land management practices in the region.

This study investigates the effects of fast neutron irradiation on hippocampus-related memory systems in adult mice. The hippocampus plays a critical role in memory consolidation and spatial navigation, and its disruption can lead to significant cognitive impairments. Adult male mice were exposed to fast neutron irradiation, and their memory abilities were assessed using behavioral tasks such as the Morris water maze and novel object recognition. Results showed that mice subjected to fast neutron irradiation exhibited significant deficits in both spatial memory and recognition memory compared to control animals. Histological analysis revealed structural changes in the hippocampus, including neuronal damage and a reduction in dendritic branching. These findings suggest that fast neutron irradiation can lead to hippocampal dysfunction, impairing memory processes in adult mice. The results have potential implications for understanding the neurological consequences of radiation exposure, particularly in the context of space exploration, radiotherapy, and environmental radiation risks.