As Vietnam accelerates its digital transformation agenda, enhancing public sector capabilities has become critical to the success of digital government initiatives. This study proposes a comprehensive framework for strengthening institutional, human, and technological capacities within Vietnam’s public sector to support the evolution of digital government. Drawing from international best practices, policy analysis, and stakeholder interviews, the framework identifies key enablers—including leadership, digital skills, inter-agency collaboration, and data governance—essential for sustainable transformation. The study also examines challenges such as legacy systems, regulatory gaps, and workforce readiness. By offering actionable recommendations, this research contributes to the development of a more agile, transparent, and citizen-centric digital government in Vietnam.

The article analyzes general principles and norms ensuring women's labor rights in the labor legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study examines the compliance of national legislation with international standards of the UN and International Labor Organization. The content of the equality principle and non-discrimination principle enshrined in Articles 4 and 392 of the Labor Code is revealed. The article studies the advanced experience of Germany, Sweden, and France in protecting women's labor rights. Based on research results, specific proposals for improving labor legislation have been developed, including mechanisms for introducing the concept of «equal opportunities» into legislation and placing the burden of proof on employers.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical development, legal frameworks, and contemporary practices concerning the legalization of foreign public documents in international law. Emphasis is placed on the transformation of document authentication mechanisms from traditional multi-layered procedures to standardized instruments such as the 1961 Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalization for Foreign Public Documents (Apostille Convention) and the Brussels Convention. The study systematically examines the legal significance of multilateral and bilateral agreements, and delineates the principal methods of legalization, including the issuance of apostilles, consular legalization, and certification through chambers of commerce. Special attention is devoted to the challenges posed by administrative inconsistencies, technological disparities, and regulatory fragmentation across jurisdictions. Furthermore, the article assesses the role and implications of digitalization, particularly the implementation of the Electronic Apostille Program (e-APP), in fostering efficiency and legal certainty. It concludes by arguing for greater international harmonization and institutional capacity-building to ensure the effective cross-border recognition of public documents.

The article analyzes the initiatives of the Republic of Uzbekistan within the framework of the United Nations and its role in global politics from 2016 to 2025. It thoroughly examines the main directions of cooperation with the United Nations, priority principles, promising projects, achievements in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals, and significant reforms in the field of human rights. Additionally, the article discusses the increasing role of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the international arena, its transformation into a significant participant in global politics, and the prospects for the continuation of this trend.

This paper explores the evolving geopolitical dynamics between Uzbekistan and Turkey within the framework of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS). It analyzes how bilateral cooperation contributes to regional stability, economic connectivity, and a rebalancing of influence in Central Asia. The study employs qualitative analysis based on policy documents, official statements, and geopolitical assessments. Findings suggest that enhanced Uzbekistan–Turkey relations reinforce Turkic solidarity, offer alternatives to dominant regional powers, and promote a multipolar order in Eurasia. This partnership plays a strategic role in shaping the future trajectory of the OTS as a meaningful regional bloc.

This article examines the significance of international norms in the qualification of crimes related to violations of labor legislation, with a particular focus on the Republic of Uzbekistan. It highlights that labor rights protection is not confined to domestic law but is also shaped by international treaties and conventions, which form an integral part of the national legal system. Special attention is given to the role of universal and regional labor standards established by the United Nations, the International Labour Organization (ILO), the Council of Europe, and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The article analyzes ILO fundamental, governance, and technical conventions, including those ratified by Uzbekistan, and explores their importance in shaping domestic labor law and criminal liability for labor law violations. It also emphasizes the legal nature of blanket norms in the Criminal Code of Uzbekistan, which require the application of both national and international legal sources for correct qualification of labor-related crimes. The study concludes that the effective enforcement of labor rights demands knowledge of international standards, as neglecting them can lead to misqualification of crimes or impunity for socially dangerous acts.

Legislation is a living organism: it develops and adapts over time. Its effectiveness is determined not merely by the number of enacted provisions but by their quality, internal coherence, and fitness for purpose. Among fundamental human rights entrenched in nearly all constitutions and statutory systems is the right to education. Yet comparative practice shows that the improvement of education law admits no single, universal template. Each State calibrates legal design to its socio-economic trajectory and its political-legal traditions and values.

This article examines gender roles and power dynamics within marriage in Uzbekistan, focusing on sociological and psychological perspectives and recent trends (2020-2024). Uzbekistan has a traditionally patriarchal family structure influenced by both cultural norms and post-Soviet social changes. Purpose: The study aims to analyze how marital power relations are shaped by gender roles, how these dynamics have evolved in recent years, and what theoretical frameworks explain these patterns. Methods: A literature-based analysis was conducted, drawing on sociological studies, psychological research, and reports on gender in Uzbekistan. Findings: Traditional Uzbek marriages often feature male-dominated decision-making and a clear division of labor, reinforced by cultural norms and extended family structures. However, recent reforms and shifting attitudes (especially among younger, urban couples) show emergent egalitarian tendencies. Legislation between 2020 and 2024-such as strengthened domestic violence laws and a national gender strategy-reflects progress in women’s rights. Still, surveys reveal that a large majority of the population adheres to stereotypes assigning men primary authority and women domestic responsibility. Conclusions: Marital power dynamics in Uzbekistan are in transition: while historic patriarchy persists, socio-economic developments and legal reforms are enabling gradual shifts toward equality. Implications: Understanding these dynamics through theories of resource power, patriarchy, and social role expectations is crucial for policymakers and educators aiming to foster gender equity in family life.

This article explores the fundamental legal principle of the right to be informed of the charges against an individual in criminal proceedings. It examines how this right serves as a safeguard against arbitrary prosecution and is essential for ensuring a fair trial. The article analyzes various legal frameworks and case law that highlight the importance of transparency in the accusatory process, discussing the implications for defendants' rights and the overall integrity of the judicial system. Through critical evaluation, it emphasizes the necessity of clear communication of accusations as a procedural action that upholds justice and protects individual liberties.