The seminar paper, Refugee Status and Transfer to Third Country: A Critical Appraisal, explores the intricacies and difficulties linked to the transfer of refugees to third countries. The text delves into these transfers' legal and ethical aspects, emphasizing the possibility of diffusing responsibility and undermining refugee protection. The paper utilizes a qualitative research methodology, incorporating a thorough literature review, case studies, and document analysis to explore the legal frameworks, policy implications, and humanitarian consequences of refugee transfers. The study's findings highlight the intricate nature of refugee transfers, which aim to offer long-lasting solutions and ease the burden on frontline states but frequently encounter substantial obstacles. This study highlights the significance of strong legal and institutional frameworks, fair distribution of responsibilities, and a focus on human rights to safeguard the well-being and protection of refugees during transfer processes. The paper also emphasizes the possibility of responsibility diffusion and the politicization of refugee transfers, which can weaken the effectiveness of the international refugee protection regime. Ultimately, the paper argues for a fairer and more balanced approach to safeguarding refugees' well-being and human rights. It emphasizes the importance of upholding the dignity of refugees and fostering global collaboration and burden-sharing. There is a need to enhance legal and procedural safeguards, tackle the underlying factors that lead to forced displacement, and promote comprehensive integration programs in third countries. The study's theoretical framework and empirical analysis provide a more profound comprehension of the intricacies of refugee transfers and offer valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners involved in refugee protection.

Refugee Status, Transfer, Third Country

Aygün, A. H., Kırdar, M. G., Koyuncu, M., & Stoeffler, Q. (2024). Keeping refugee children in school and out of work: Evidence from the world's largest humanitarian cash transfer program. Journal of Development Economics. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304387824000154

Blair, C. W., Grossman, G., & Weinstein, J. M. (2022). Forced displacement and asylum policy in the developing world. International Organization. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-organization/article/forced-displacement-and-asylum-policy-in-the-developing-world/B89E49C17B0C96E9B9F5D234F190E77D

Bloch, A. (2020). Reflections and directions for research in refugee studies. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 43(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2020.1677928

Boucher, F., & Gördemann, J. (2021). The European Union and the global compacts on refugees and migration: A philosophical critique. Interventions, 23(1), 45-63.

Brumat, L., Geddes, A., & Pettrachin, A. (2022). Making sense of the global: A systematic review of globalizing and localizing dynamics in refugee governance. Journal of Refugee Studies. https://academic.oup.com/jrs/article-abstract/35/2/827/6377227

Byrne, R., Gammeltoft-Hansen, T., & Vedsted-Hansen, J. (2020). International refugee law between scholarship and practice. International Journal of Refugee Law, 32(2), 201-217. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeaa011

Coen, A. (2021). Can't be held responsible: Weak norms and refugee protection evasion. International Relations, 35(1), 72-89. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047117819884613

Devictor, X., Do, Q. T., & Levchenko, A. A. (2021). The globalization of refugee flows. Journal of Development Economics, 148, 102565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102565

Donato, K. M., & Ferris, E. (2020). Refugee integration in Canada, Europe, and the United States: Perspectives from research. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 690(1), 12-39. https://doi.org/10.1177/000271622094316

Ermansons, G., Kienzler, H., Asif, Z., & Schofield, P. (2023). Refugee mental health and the role of place in the Global North countries: A scoping review. Health & Place. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1353829223000011

Faist, T. (2021). The crucial meso-level: Migration systems and the dynamics of migration. In International migration, immobility and development (pp. 57-78). Routledge.

Freier, L. F., & Gauci, J. P. (2020). Refugee rights across regions: A comparative overview of legislative good practices in Latin America and the EU. Refugee Survey Quarterly. https://academic.oup.com/rsq/article-abstract/39/3/321/5918923

Freier, L. F., Micinski, N. R., & Tsourapas, G. (2021). Refugee commodification: The diffusion of refugee rent-seeking in the Global South. Third World Quarterly, 42(7), 1613-1633. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2021.1956891

Garcés-Mascareñas, B., & Moreno-Amador, G. (2020). The multilevel governance of refugee reception policies in Spain. Comillas International Journal. https://repositorio.comillas.edu/xmlui/handle/11531/44417

Garlick, M., & Inder, C. (2021). Protection of refugees and migrants in the era of the global compacts: Ensuring support and avoiding gaps. Interventions, 23(1), 85-103. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2020.1854109

Ghosn, F., Chu, T. S., Simon, M., & Braithwaite, A. (2021). The journey home: Violence, anchoring, and refugee decisions to return. American Political Science Review. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/journey-home-violence-anchoring-and-refugee-decisions-to-return/A1553AD2E0D18692309EF4A23DEC1383

Giuffré, M. (2020). The readmission of asylum seekers under international law. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Hailbronner, K. (2024). Immigration and asylum law and policy of the European Union. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zsn7EAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=Refugee+Status+and+Transfer+to+Third+Country:+A+Critical+Appraisal&ots=Ces9Z84maK&sig=4lWNN-DdlmOuC5CqxYpIbZbBnsU

Hammoud-Gallego, O., & Freier, L. F. (2023). Symbolic refugee protection: Explaining Latin America's liberal refugee laws. American Political Science Review. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/symbolic-refugee-protection-explaining-latin-americas-liberal-refugee-laws/C76C7712622C5DCB11ABD0F5DD5A680F

Hatton, T. J. (2020). Asylum migration to the developed world: Persecution, incentives, and policy. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 34(1), 75-93. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.34.1.75

Hossain, A. N. M. (2022). Research methods for the study of refugee resettlement. AARMS – Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science, 21(2), 67-86. Retrieved from https://real.mtak.hu/136662/1/06-hossain-67-86-aarms-2021-2.pdf

Kaya, A., & Nagel, A. K. (2021). Politics of subsidiarity in refugee reception: Comparative perspectives. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15562948.2021.1923881

Kogan, I., & Kalter, F. (2020). An empirical–analytical approach to the study of recent refugee migrants in Germany. Soziale Welt. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/27004991

Korntheuer, A., Hynie, M., Kleist, M., & Farooqui, S. (2021). Inclusive resettlement? Integration pathways of resettled refugees with disabilities in Germany and Canada. Frontiers in Human Dynamics. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fhumd.2021.668264/full

Lavenex, S., & Piper, N. (2022). Regions and global migration governance: Perspectives 'from above','from below'and 'from beyond'. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 48(3), 499-517. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2021.1972564

Linos, K., & Chachko, E. (2022). Refugee Responsibility Sharing or Responsibility Dumping?. Cal. L. Rev., 110, 233-293. https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38HD7NS8N

Mayda, A. M., Parsons, C., Pham, H., & Vézina, P. L. (2022). Refugees and foreign direct investment: Quasi-experimental evidence from US resettlements. Journal of Development Economics. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304387822000025

Memişoğlu, F., & Yavçan, B. (2022). Beyond ideology-a comparative analysis of how local governance can expand national integration policy: The case of Syrian refugees in Istanbul. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1819780

Milner, J., & Klassen, A. (2020). Civil society and the politics of the global refugee regime. Working Paper for the 70th Anniversary of the Refugee Convention. Carleton University.

Moretti, S. (2021). Between refugee protection and migration management: The quest for coordination between UNHCR and IOM in the Asia-Pacific region. Third World Quarterly, 42(3), 599-617. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2020.1780910

Muftuler-Bac, M. (2020). Turkey and the European Union Refugee Deal: Assessing Turkish Migration Policies and the External Protection of European Borders. MAGYC. https://www.magyc.uliege.be/upload/docs/application/pdf/2021-09/d2.2-v1june2020.pdf

Oliver, C., Dekker, R., Geuijen, K., & Broadhead, J. (2020). Innovative strategies for the reception of asylum seekers and refugees in European cities: Multi-level governance, multi-sector urban networks, and local engagement. Comparative Migration Studies. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40878-020-00189-y

Ovacık, G. (2020). Compatibility of the safe third country concept with international refugee law and its application to Turkey. Perceptions: Journal of International Affairs, 25(1), 17-38. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/perception/issue/56044/769635

Phillimore, J. (2021). Refugee integration-opportunity structures: Shifting the focus from refugees to context. Journal of Refugee Studies. https://academic.oup.com/jrs/article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jrs/feaa012/39903673/feaa012.pdf

Phillimore, J., Morrice, L., Kabe, K., & Hashimoto, N. (2021). Economic self-reliance or social relations? What works in refugee integration? Learning from resettlement programmes in Japan and the UK. Comparative Migration Studies. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40878-021-00223-7

Schultz, J. (2020). An end to asylum?: Temporary protection and the erosion of refugee status. In Waiting and the temporalities of irregular migration (pp. 183-205). Routledge.

Shaffer, R., Pinson, L. E., & Chu, J. A. (2020). Local elected officials' receptivity to refugee resettlement in the United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(49), 31263-31269. Retrieved from https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2015637117

Smith, C. D. (2020). A model for the world? Policy transfer theory and the challenges to "exporting" private sponsorship to Europe. De Gruyter. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780228002758-018/pdf?licenseType=restricted

Tran, V. C., & Lara-García, F. (2020). A new beginning: Early refugee integration in the United States. RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 6(3), 117-138. https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2020.6.3.07

Triggs, G. D., & Wall, P. C. J. (2020). 'The makings of a success': The global compact on refugees and the inaugural global refugee forum. International Journal of Refugee Law. https://academic.oup.com/ijrl/article-abstract/32/2/283/5909152

Wachter, K., Bunn, M., & Schuster, R. C. (2022). A scoping review of social support research among refugees in resettlement: Implications for conceptual and empirical research. Journal of Refugee Studies. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/jrs/article-abstract/35/1/368/6295726

Welfens, N., & Bonjour, S. (2021). Families first? The mobilization of family norms in refugee resettlement. International Political Sociology. https://academic.oup.com/ips/article-abstract/15/2/212/5959724

Whitaker, B. E. (2020). Refugees, foreign nationals, and Wageni: Comparing African responses to Somali migration. African Studies Review. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/refugees-foreign-nationals-and-wageni-comparing-african-responses-to-somali-migration/492F6D644C2B324997D94135E7FDCF33

Yıldız, U., & Sert, D. Ş. (2021). Dynamics of mobility-stasis in refugee journeys: Case of resettlement from Turkey to Canada. Migration Studies, 9(2), 196-219. https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnz019

Zetter, R. (2021). Theorizing the refugee humanitarian-development nexus: A political-economy analysis. Journal of Refugee Studies, 34(2), 1766-1786. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feaa054