The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is a key player in the protection and promotion of human rights in Europe. One of the key areas in which the ECHR has made significant contributions is in ensuring the safety of participants in criminal proceedings. The safety of participants is critical to ensuring that the right to a fair trial is respected, and that justice is served. This article will explore the experience of the ECHR in this area, examining the key cases and principles that have shaped the Court's approach.

vulnerable to threats, violence, or other forms of harm

Ergi v. Turkey, App. No. 23818/94 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 1998).

Nikolova and Velichkova v. Bulgaria, App. No. 7888/03 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2007).

Bekos and Koutropoulos v. Greece, App. No. 15250/02 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2005).

Nikolova and Velichkova v. Bulgaria, App. No. 7888/03 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2007).

Sakhnovskiy v. Russia, App. No. 21272/03 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2006).

Al-Khawaja and Tahery v. UK, App. Nos. 26766/05 and 22228/06 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2011).

Kolesnichenko v. Russia, App. No. 26895/04 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2008).

Schatschaschwili v. Germany, App. No. 9154/10 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2015).

Baghli v. France, App. No. 34374/06 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2009).

Ognyanova and Choban v. Bulgaria, App. No. 46317/99 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 2004).