The article highlights the issues related to inchoate crimes, preparing for a crime, the basis of liability and punishment for it on the example of foreign countries and national legislation. The author analyzed the issue of liability for preparation of a crime from a comparative legal point of view based on the criminal law of France, the Netherlands, the FRG, Great Britain, and the USA. Based on the study of the criminal legislation of these countries, the author draws a conclusion that in terms of liability for inchoate crimes, there is no criminal liability for preparation for a crime and certain forms of preparation for a crime are considered attempts to commit a crime.

Liability, punishment, incomplete crime

French Penal Code https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/content/download/1957/13715/.../Code_33.pdf

Penal Code of Netherlands https://www.unodc.org/

Peter J.P.Tak. The Dutch Criminal Justice System. Wetenschappelijk, Onderzoek- en. Documentatiecentrum. 1999. - p.82-85.

Preparations to commit a crime. The Dutch approach to inchoate offences. Caroline M.Pelser Senior Lecturer in Criminal Law at Utrecht University, School of Law. // Utrecht Law Review University Volume 4, Issue 3 (December) 2008.- p.78.

Preparations to commit a crime. The Dutch approach to inchoate offences. Caroline M.Pelser Senior Lecturer in Criminal Law at Utrecht University, School of Law. // Utrecht Law Review University Volume 4, Issue 3 (December) 2008.- p.59.

German Criminal Code in the version promulgated on 13 November 1998, Federal Law Gazette [Bundesgesetzblatt] I p. 3322, last amended by Article 1 of the Law of 24 September 2013, Federal Law Gazette I p. 3671 and with the text of Article 6(18) of the Law of 10 October 2013, Federal Law Gazette I p 3799. https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_stgb/englisch_stgb.pdf

Christopher M. V. Clarkson (Professor of Law, University of Leicester) Attempt: The Conduct Requirement // Oxford Journal of Legal Studies. Published by Oxford University Press. Vol. 29, No. 1 (Spring, 2009), p. 26.

Jefferson, Michael, M.A. (Senior Lecturer University of Sheffield) Criminal Law. Ninth Edition. Pearson Education lilmited, 2009, -p.394.

Criminal Law. Inchoate Offences. -pp.298-303. https://www.saylor.org/site/textbooks/Criminal%20Law.pdf

Model Penal Code of United States of America. Official draft and explanatory notes. Philadelphia, PA. The American Law Institute, 1985. pp.74-78. http://www.icla.up.ac.za

Criminal Attempts at Common Law. Edwin R.Keedy Professor of Law Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania // University of Pennsylvania Law Review. Vol.102.

Kentucky Penal Code: The Culpable Mental States and Related Matters Robert G. Lawson University of Kentucky College of Law // Kentucky Law Journal [Vol.61.1973] -pp.659-661.

Model Penal Code of United States of America. Official draft and explanatory notes. Philadelphia, PA. The American Law Institute, 1985. pp.74-78. http://www.icla.up.ac.za

Criminal justice in America / developed by Marshall Croddy and Bill Hayes; edited by Bill Hayes; written by Bill Hayes [et al.] -5th ed. –pp. 16-18.