Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication is one of the most common severe poisonings worldwide, affecting millions of people annually and leading to significant morbidity and mortality. [1] In addition to hypoxia, the main pathophysiological effect of CO poisoning is associated with direct cellular-level toxic effects, particularly liver damage. [2] Due to its metabolic activity and central role, the liver is highly sensitive to the toxic effects of CO, which is often not sufficiently considered in clinical practice. [3]

This article deeply examines the pathogenetic mechanisms of liver damage in CO intoxication and methods to correct them. Key pathogenetic aspects such as the direct cytotoxic effect of CO on liver cells, increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of inflammatory reactions, and apoptotic pathways are studied. [4] The central role of mitochondria in CO-related liver damage is particularly emphasized, as it is considered the main cause of energy metabolism disruption and cell death. [5]

Oxidative stress arises from excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and deficiency in the antioxidant defense system, leading to lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage, which cause structural and functional disruptions in liver cells. [6] Inflammatory processes develop in association with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and various cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), leading to the expansion of liver damage and disruption of regeneration processes. [7]

Among the methods to correct pathogenesis, in addition to the traditional method of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), new pharmacological approaches are discussed, including antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, melatonin), anti-inflammatory agents, inhibitors of apoptotic pathways, and substances that restore mitochondrial function. [8] Data show that N-acetylcysteine not only exerts an antioxidant effect but also protects liver cells by restoring the glutathione system. [9] Melatonin, due to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is considered effective in reducing liver damage in CO intoxication. [10]

This review article provides valuable information not only on the in-depth study of pathogenetic mechanisms but also on modern treatment strategies, which will help effectively manage the consequences of CO intoxication in clinical practice. [11] Early diagnosis of liver damage and the introduction of pathogenetically based therapy can significantly reduce complications and mortality rates after CO intoxication. [12].

Carbon monoxide intoxication, toxic liver damage, pathogenesis

MICROFLORA, Dilshodovich KH SHIELD OF INTESTINAL. "CHANGE EFFECT ON THE GLANDS." American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149) 1 (2023): 81-83.

Dilshodovich, Khalilov Hikmatulla, Kayimov Mirzohid Normurotovich, and Esanov Alisher Akromovich. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THYROID DISEASE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES." (2023).

To’laganovna, Y. M. (2025). SKELET MUSKULLARNING FIZIOLOGIYASI VA ULARNING ISHLASH MEXANIZMI: AKTIN VA MIOZIN VA ENERGIYA ASOSLARI. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, 3(4), 54-60.

Tolaganovna, Y. M., & Shavkatjon o’g’li, A. A. (2025). INSON ORGANIZMIDA YURAK QON-TOMIR KALSALLIKLARI, MIOKARD INFARKTINING KELIB CHIQISH SABABLARI VA ULARNING OLISH CHORA–TADBIRLARI. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED MEDICAL SCIENCE, 3(4), 136-144.

Jоʻrаbеk, K. (2025). BUYRАK KАSАLLIKLАRGА ОLIB KELАDIGАN PАTАLОGIK HОLАTLАR VА ULАRNI ОLDINI ОLISH. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED MEDICAL SCIENCE, 3(4), 129-135.

Azimova, S. B., and H. D. Khalikov. "Modern pathogenetic aspects of urolithiasis development." The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 7.04 (2025): 21-24.

Dilshod ogli, Xalilov Hikmatulla, and Qayimov Mirzohid Normurotovich. "THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS IN MEDICINE." Web of Medicine: Journal of Medicine, Practice and Nursing 3, no. 5 (2025): 201-207.

To’laganovna, Yusupova Moxira. "SKELET MUSKULLARNING FIZIOLOGIYASI VA ULARNING ISHLASH MEXANIZMI: AKTIN VA MIOZIN VA ENERGIYA ASOSLARI." AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 3.4 (2025): 54-60.

Ogli, Xalilov Hikmatulla Dilshod, Namiddinov Abror Anasbek Ogli, Sayfullayeva Durdona Dilshod Qizi, and Hikmatova Gulasal Farhodjon Qizi. "TELEMEDITSINANING PROFILAKTIK DAVOLANISHDA AHAMIYATI." Eurasian Journal of Academic Research 4, no. 4-2 (2024): 66-70.

Dilshod ogli, Xalilov Hikmatulla, Amirqulov Navro'zbek To'rayevich, and Shukurov Umidjon Majid o’g’li. "GIPOTIREOIDIZMNI EKSPERIMENTAL MODELLASHTIRISH." AMERICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED MEDICAL SCIENCE 3.2 (2025): 207-209.

Xalilov, H. D., Namiddinov, A. A., Berdiyev, O. V., & Ortiqov, O. S. (2024). GIPERTIROIDIZM VA YURAK ETISHMOVCHILIGI. Research and Publications, 1(1), 60-63.

Berdiyev, O. V., M. Quysinboyeva, and A. Sattorova. "Telemeditsina Orqali Qalqonsimon Bez Kasalliklarini Boshqarish." Open Academia: Journal of Scholarly Research 2.6 (2024): 69-74.

Karabayev, Sanjar. "SOG'LIQNI SAQLASHDA TELETIBBIYOT IMKONIYATLARI, XUSUSIYATLARI VA TO'SIQLARI." Yeвразийский журнал медицинских и естественных наук 3.2 Part 2 (2023): 41-46.

Шадманова, Н.К. and Халилов, Х.Д., 2023. НАУЧНО-ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ ИНТЕРЕС ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ВЕГЕТАТИВНОЙ РЕГУЛЯЦИИ ДИЗАДАПТИВНЫХ РЕАКЦИЙ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Евразийский журнал академических исследований, 3(8), pp.126-134.

Normurotovich, Qayimov Mirzohid, and Ganjiyeva Munisa Komil Qizi. "GIPOTIROIDIZM VA YURAK ETISHMOVCHILIGI." Eurasian Journal of Academic Research 4, no. 5-3 (2024): 14-19.

Normurotovich, Q. M. "Dilshod ogli XH RODOPSIN G OQSILLARI FILOGENETIK TAHLIL." Journal of new century innovations 43, no. 2 (2023): 178-183.

Maxira, Yusupova, Xalilov Hikmatulla Dilshod ogli, and Berdiyev Otabek Vahob ogli. "FIZIOLOGIYA FANI RIVOJLANISHI TIBBIYOTDAGI AHAMYATI. FIZIOLOGIYADA TADQIQOT USULLARI." PEDAGOG 7.12 (2024): 111-116.

MICROFLORA DK. CHANGE EFFECT ON THE GLANDS. American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149). 2023;1:81-3.

Dilshodovich, Khalilov Hikmatulla. "SHIELD OF INTESTINAL MICROFLORA CHANGE EFFECT ON THE GLANDS." American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (29932149) 1 (2023): 81-83.

Dilshodovich, K.H., Normurotovich, K.M. and Akromovich, E.A., 2023. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THYROID DISEASE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES.

Dilshod ogly, Khalilov Hikmatulla, Shatursunova Madina Abdujamilovna, and Shukurov Umidjon Majid ogly. "THE IMPORTANCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE DETECTION OF KIDNEY DISEASES MODERN APPROACHES AND PROSPECTS." Western European Journal of Modern Experiments and Scientific Methods 3.04 (2025): 9-13.

Ikrom, T., 2025. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF EPITHELIAL TISSUE CELLS ADAPTATION TO HYPOXIA. Western European Journal of Modern Experiments and Scientific Methods, 3(05), pp.15-22.

Ikrom, Tilyabov. "MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF EPITHELIAL TISSUE CELLS ADAPTATION TO HYPOXIA." Western European Journal of Modern Experiments and Scientific Methods 3.05 (2025): 15-22.

Abdujamilovna, S.M. and Dilshod ogli, X.H., 2025. QAND MIQDORINING SUYAKLANISHGA TA’SIRI. Continuing education: international experience, innovation, and transformation, 1(10), pp.137-141.

Абдухаликова, Нигора Фахриддиновна, and Хикматулла Халилов. "РОЛЬ ЦИТОХРОМА И В МЕХАНИЗМАХ КЛЕТОЧНОГО ДЫХАНИЯ И ГИПОКСИИ." Advanced methods of ensuring the quality of education: problems and solutions 2.11 (2025): 62-68.

Абдухаликова, Нигора Фахриддиновна, and Хикматулла Халилов. "РОЛЬ СУКЦИНАТДЕГИДРОГЕНАЗЫ В МЕХАНИЗМАХ ГИПОКСИИ." Advanced methods of ensuring the quality of education: problems and solutions 2.11 (2025): 55-61.

Faxriddinovna, Abduxalikova Nigora, Xalilov Hikmatulla Dilshod ogli, and Jabborov Botir Baxodir ogli. "EOZINOFIL FAGASITOZ QILISH MEXANIZMLARI." Advanced methods of ensuring the quality of education: problems and solutions 2.11 (2025): 44-54.

Azimova S. B., Tadjibaeva R. B., Abdunazarova M. I. Contemporary Aspects Of The Influence Of Risk Factors On The Development Of Gestational Diabetes //International Journal of Modern Medicine. – 2025. – Т. 4. – №. 11. – С. 12-15.

Azimova S. B., Tadjibaeva R. B., Abdunazarova M. I. The role of risk factors in the development of diabetes mellitus in pregnant women //The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research. – 2025. – Т. 7. – №. 05. – С. 25-28.

Abdumannobova R. O. et al. THE ROLE OF RISK FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN CHILDREN //International Journal of Modern Medicine. – 2025. – Т. 4. – №. 04. – С. 11-15.

Aysanem B., Saidamir S., Sevara A. METABOLIK SINDROMDA LIPID SPEKTIRI VA GIPERGOMOSITEINEMIYA O’Z-ARO BOG’LIQLIGI //Elita. uz-Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal. – 2025. – Т. 3. – №. 2. – С. 67-76.

Azimova S. B. et al. Modern pathogenetic aspects of urolithiasis development //The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research. – 2025. – Т. 7. – №. 04. – С. 21-24.

Kudratovna T. N. et al. Actuality of the Problem of Obesity in Young Children in Uzbekistan //The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research. – 2025. – Т. 7. – №. 03. – С. 49-56.

Азимова С. Б. и др. ПАТОГЕНЕЗ ПОРАЖЕНИЯ ЦНС ПРИ ОТРАВЛЕНИИ УГАРНЫМ ГАЗОМ //Лучшие интеллектуальные исследования. – 2025. – Т. 44. – №. 5. – С. 265-272.

Sayfutdinova Z. et al. Role of domestic amino acid blood substitute on metabolic disorders and endogenous intoxication in experimental toxic hepatitis. – 2024.

Kh R. A., Akbarov U. S., Azimova S. B. Preclinical toxicological study of the lipid concentrates of snakes of the genus Eryx. – 2024.

Saidov S. A. et al. METABOLIK SINDROM PATOGENEZINING ZAMONAVIY TUSHUNCHALARI //Academic research in educational sciences. – 2024. – Т. 5. – №. 5. – С. 115-124.

Iriskulov B. U., Dustmuratova А. H., Tadjibaeva R. B. TAJRIBA SHAROITIDA UMURTQA POGʼONASINING TURLI DARAJADAGI SHIKASTLANISH MODELI VA UNDA TAYANCHHARAKAT TIZIMI OʼZGARISHLARI //Academic research in educational sciences. – 2024. – Т. 5. – №. 5. – С. 85-89.

Tolipova N. K. et al. POLYARTHRITIC AND SYSTEMIC JUVENILE IDIOPATIC ARTHRITIS WITH COMBINATION OF TYPE DIABETES MELLITUS. – 2024.

Azimova S. B., Mamadiyarova D. U., Asrarova N. M. OZIQLANTIRISH TURIGA QARAB QUYONLARDA HOMILADORLIKNING TURLI DAVRLARIDA FERRITIN MIQDORINING DINAMIKASI //Журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук. – 2023. – №. 5. – С. 36-38.

Azimova S. B., Mamadiyarova D. U., Asrarova N. M. OZIQLANTIRISH TURIGA QARAB QUYONLARDA HOMILADORLIKNING TURLI DAVRLARIDA FERRITIN MIQDORINING DINAMIKASI //Журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук. – 2023. – №. 5. – С. 36-38.

Adiba M. et al. Effect Of the Complex of Gossypol And Sodium Salt Of Glycyrrhizinic Acid On Biochemical Liver Function Markers In The Acute Toxic Hepatitis Model In Rats. – 2024.

Bahodirovna A. S. et al. BOLALARDA LAKTAZA FERMENTI YETISHMOVCHILIGINING KLINIK BELGILARI VA DAVOLASH USULLARI. – 2024.

Abilov P. M. et al. PATTERNS OF FORMATION OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION CAUSED BY SARS-COV-2 AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM WITH THE HELP OF A NEW DRUG BASED ON G. LUCIDUM AND ALHADAYA. – 2024.

Асрарова Н. М. и др. РОЛЬ ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО МОНИТОРИНГА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С МИЕЛОМНОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ. – 2024.

Zukhra B. et al. Changes in the Rheological Properties of Blood in Kidney Diseases. – 2024.

Abilov P. M. et al. Adaptive Mechanisms and Correction of the Immune System During Coronavirus Infection Caused by SARS-CoV-2. – 2024.

Bahodirovna A. S., Utkurovna S. G., Kizi K. S. K. Pathogenetic Basis for the Development of Lactase Enzyme Deficiency. – 2024.

Bahodirovna A. S. et al. BOLALARDA LAKTAZA FERMENTI YETISHMOVCHILIGINING KLINIK BELGILARI VA DAVOLASH USULLARI. – 2024.

Азимова С. Причины Развития Лактазной Недостаточности У Детей Раннего Возраста //Journal of Innovation in Volume. – 2024. – Т. 2. – №. 1.

Асрарова Н. М., Каюмов А. А., Азимова С. Б. ВОЗРАСТНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЙ МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ МИЕЛОМЫ //Academic research in educational sciences. – 2024. – Т. 5. – №. 7-8. – С. 133-141.

Nurmukhamedova N. S., Berdiyeva D. U., Azimova S. B. Clinical approach to the features of the course of nonspecific ulcerative colitis. – 2023.

Azimova S. B., Mamadiyarova D. U., Asrarova N. M. OZIQLANTIRISH TURIGA QARAB QUYONLARDA HOMILADORLIKNING TURLI DAVRLARIDA FERRITIN MIQDORINING DINAMIKASI //Журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук. – 2023. – №. 5. – С. 36-38.

Melisovich A. P. et al. WAYS TO OPTIMIZE THE THERAPY OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION CAUSED BY COVID-19 //Art of Medicine. International Medical Scientific Journal. – 2022. – Т. 2. – №. 3.

Akhmedova D., Azimova S. RETRACTED: Comparative assessment of the spread of respiratory diseases of occupational etiology in regions with a highly developed mining industry //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 420. – С. 05013.

Saydalikhodjaeva S. et al. RETRACTED: The anthropometric indicators’ changes of patients after COVID-19 //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 420. – С. 05012.

Khasanov B. B., Azimova S. B. Extragenital pathology of the mother and morphological features of the development of the thymus in the period of early postnatal ontogenesis //European Chemical Bulletin. – 2023. – Т. 12. – №. 8. – С. 8322-8331.

Kizi K. S. K., Bakhodirovna A. S., Utkurovna S. G. REASONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LACTASE DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN OF EARLY AGE //The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research. – 2023. – Т. 5. – №. 08. – С. 30-38.

Nurmukhamedova N. S., Berdiyeva D. U., Azimova S. B. Clinical approach to the features of the course of nonspecific ulcerative colitis. – 2023.

Iriskulov B. U., Dustmuratova А. H., Tadjibaeva R. B. TAJRIBA SHAROITIDA UMURTQA POGʼONASINING TURLI DARAJADAGI SHIKASTLANISH MODELI VA UNDA TAYANCHHARAKAT TIZIMI OʼZGARISHLARI //Academic research in educational sciences. – 2024. – Т. 5. – №. 5. – С. 85-89.

Talipova N. et al. Genetic characteristics of the course of chronic hepatitis //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 381. – С. 01098.

Азимова С. ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ТИМУСА ПОТОМСТВА ПРИ ТОКСИЧЕСКОМ ГЕПАТИТЕ МАТЕРИ В ПЕРИОД МОЛОЧНОГО ВСКАРМЛИВАНИЯ //Scientific progress. – 2022. – Т. 3. – №. 2. – С. 659-664.

Azimova S. The influence of mother's extragenital pathology on the formation of thymus of the processing in the early postnatal ontogenesis //The Scientific Heritage. – 2021. – №. 81-2. – С. 44-46.

Azimova S. B. Morphofunctional characteristics of thymus under exposure to various environmental factors //ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. – 2021. – Т. 11. – №. 3. – С. 2561-2565.