This study investigates the impact of planting time and planting system on the growth and yield of selected garlic germplasm. Garlic (Allium sativum) is an important crop cultivated worldwide for its culinary and medicinal properties. The timing of planting and the choice of planting system can significantly influence the growth, development, and yield of garlic. Through field experiments and data analysis, this research assesses the effects of different planting times and systems on key growth parameters such as plant height, bulb size, and yield per hectare. The findings aim to provide insights into optimizing garlic production practices for enhanced growth and yield under varying environmental conditions.

Understanding the genetic diversity and relationships among lime varieties is essential for effective breeding programs, conservation efforts, and agricultural management. This study aims to characterize Tunisian lime genotypes using pomological traits and molecular markers. Pomological traits including fruit size, shape, color, and texture were assessed across a diverse collection of lime genotypes. Additionally, molecular markers such as SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats) and SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers were employed to analyze the genetic relatedness and population structure of the lime varieties. The integration of pomological and molecular data provides valuable insights into the genetic makeup and phenotypic variability of Tunisian lime varieties, facilitating their classification, conservation, and utilization in breeding programs.