This study employs diallel analysis to assess parent combining ability and gene interactions for scald resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Scald, caused by Rhynchosporium commune, poses a significant threat to barley production worldwide. Understanding the genetic basis of scald resistance is crucial for breeding programs aimed at developing resistant cultivars. The diallel cross design allows for the estimation of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects, elucidating the inheritance patterns and gene interactions underlying scald resistance. The study evaluates multiple barley genotypes for their resistance levels and utilizes statistical methods to analyze the diallel data, providing insights into the relative contributions of different parental lines and their interactions to scald resistance. The findings contribute to the advancement of barley breeding strategies targeting improved scald resistance.

This study conducts a comparative analysis of legume plant growth under varied levels of drought stress. Drought stress is a significant environmental factor affecting plant growth, productivity, and overall agricultural sustainability. Legume crops play crucial roles in agricultural systems, providing nitrogen fixation, soil improvement, and food security. Understanding how legume plants respond to drought stress at different intensities is essential for devising resilient agricultural practices. The research involves subjecting legume plants to varying levels of drought stress and monitoring their growth parameters, including biomass accumulation, leaf area, root development, and physiological responses. Comparative analysis across different stress levels provides insights into the adaptive mechanisms and tolerance thresholds of legume plants to drought stress.