Background: The open sharing of large-scale scientific instruments is critical for national innovation and reflects a core principle of the circular economy. While China has invested heavily in creating a national instrument sharing network, methods for evaluating the overall health and sustainability of this complex ecosystem are underdeveloped, often focusing on simple efficiency metrics while ignoring system-wide resilience.

Methods: This study introduces Ecological Network Analysis (ENA) as a novel framework to assess the sustainability of China's scientific instrument sharing system. We constructed a network model representing the flow of instrument use-time among three key sectors (universities, public research institutes, and enterprises) using benchmark data from the National Network for Scientific Instrument Sharing from 2020 to 2024. We then calculated the system's ascendency—a comprehensive, information-theory-based measure that quantifies the balance between organized efficiency (growth and development) and redundant flexibility (resilience).

Results: The analysis revealed a steady increase in the system's total sharing activity (Total System Throughput) over the five-year period. However, the ratio of ascendency to total development capacity (A/C) showed a significant upward trend, while the overhead-to-capacity ratio (Φ/C) declined. This indicates that the network is evolving towards higher efficiency but at the cost of decreasing resilience. Public research institutes were identified as the keystone sector, contributing most significantly to the network's organized structure.

Conclusion: Applying ascendency analysis provides a holistic, quantitative measure of the sustainability of resource-sharing networks. Our findings suggest that current policies governing China's instrument sharing system may be prioritizing short-term efficiency gains over long-term systemic resilience. We recommend that policymakers adopt a more balanced approach, using ascendency-based metrics to foster a sharing ecosystem that is not only efficient but also robust and adaptive.

This article analyzes Uzbekistan’s role and initiatives in Central Asia’s transport system development policy. The article examines in detail the strategic directions for increasing Uzbekistan’s transport and logistics potential, taking into account its national and regional interests, including the modernization of transport infrastructure, the diversification of transit corridors, international cooperation projects, and digitalization initiatives. Uzbekistan’s cooperation and relations with neighboring countries - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan - in the field of transport were also analyzed, and information was provided on how they were formed in the political and economic context. The article also highlights the differences and development trends of transport policy in two periods - under the leadership of Islam Karimov and Shavkat Mirziyoyev. As a result, the strategic importance of Uzbekistan in strengthening its integration into global transport systems in the region was shown.

This article examines the implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) in the Republic of Uzbekistan, focusing on the existing legal framework, institutional mechanisms, and challenges to effective realization. The study analyzes constitutional guarantees and national legislation adopted to promote equality and protect the rights of ethnic minorities. Despite notable progress—including the adoption of the 2023 Constitution and the development of state policy in interethnic relations—systemic challenges remain, such as insufficient public awareness, limited data collection, and the need for stronger law enforcement mechanisms. The article concludes with recommendations for enhancing national implementation of CERD through educational reforms, improved data monitoring, and international cooperation.

Regional institutions are central to managing Russia's and China's energy interests, two of the world's largest powers with complementary economic and geopolitical interests. Providing multilateral platforms of dialogue, cooperation, and conflict management, regional institutions facilitate potential tensions while securing mutual interests in the energy sector. This article explains how regional institutions facilitate cooperation and manage competition, promoting stability in one of the world's most strategic sectors. The study also emphasizes major regional institutions such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), examining their mechanism of harmonization of Russian and Chinese energy policies. It argues that these institutions not only advance collective energy security but are also power-bargaining platforms, thereby sustaining regional stability and enabling sustainable economic development.

This article analyzes the concept of environmental ethics and law and its foundations, the participation of environmental law in protecting the rights of citizens in its implementation, problems associated with the civil approach to environmental law and proposals for their solution, as well as its prospects and civil legal foundations. A comparative analysis of international experience and national legislation is carried out, and scientific conclusions are drawn on the development of civil approaches to environmental ethics and law enforcement.

In today's conditions of globalization, digital technologies are widely implemented in all spheres around the world and are rapidly penetrating the way  of life of humanity. It can be observed that countries that are carrying out effective work in this direction are developing rapidly.

In particular, in our country, digital technologies have been widely introduced into the judicial system, which serve to increase the transparency and effectiveness of criminal proceedings and ensure effective interaction between judicial bodies at various levels.

This article analyzes the stages of formation and development of energy policy, as well as its geopolitical role in international relations. The evolution of the world energy system is considered in the context of historical processes - from the colonial period to the conditions of modern global energy instability. Based on the theories of such scientists as S.Zhiznin, A.Arbatov, M.Massarat, the author highlights the geopolitical essence of energy policy, energy crises, and their impact on international economic cooperation. The article analyzes the role of OPEC, the International Energy Agency, and major transnational corporations in the global energy market, as well as the strategic importance of renewable energy sources in the 21st century. The research results justify the need to consider energy policy as an integral part of national security and economic stability.

This article provides a systematic analysis of the role and capabilities of artificial intelligence technologies in public oversight and expertise processes. The research examines the experiences of developed countries such as Estonia, Singapore, and Germany in the field of digital public oversight. The activities of the «Regulation.gov.uz» and «Meningfikrim.uz» platforms implemented in Uzbekistan and ways to improve them are considered. The author substantiates the advantages of artificial intelligence in improving the quality of normative legal documents, ensuring transparency in decision-making processes, and expanding public participation. The article provides specific proposals for introducing amendments to the Law «On Normative Legal Documents».