This study investigates the perceived challenges posed by Artificial Intelligence (AI) on student retention and critical thinking among vocational education students in tertiary institutions in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The increasing integration of AI tools in educational settings, particularly in vocational programs, presents both opportunities and challenges. While AI applications such as automated assessments and personalized learning systems offer enhanced efficiency, they may reduce essential interpersonal interactions and collaborative learning experiences. This could negatively impact student retention and critical thinking development, which are crucial in vocational education. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, with data collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into sections addressing student retention and critical thinking, with items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. A sample of 206 students, drawn from the University of Uyo and Akwa Ibom State University, participated in the study. Stratified random sampling was employed to ensure adequate representation of students from different year levels. For data analysis, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used to summarize the responses. Additionally, inferential statistics, including the independent samples t-test, were employed to examine gender differences in perceptions of AI’s impact on retention and critical thinking. The results revealed significant perceived threats of AI to both retention and critical thinking, with male students reporting higher mean scores than females. The study concludes that while AI integration in vocational education has potential benefits, it poses challenges that must be addressed. Recommendations include establishing guidelines for AI use in classrooms and promoting activities that foster critical thinking and independent learning.

This article explores the doctrine of the geographic crust and the biosphere, their relationship, similarities and differences, as well as A.A. Grigoriev's theory, landscape crust and epigeosphere, geographic crust and geographic environment, landscape crust, recommendation by I.B. Zabelin replace the concept of the geographic crust with the concept of the biogenosphere, since the origin and development of life took place in the geographic crust, the upper and lower layers of the earth's crust. upper part of the geographic crust Among scientists here are different opinions about the lower limits of the earth's crust, the presence of substances in three states in the geographic crust, that the Biosphere is the outer crust of the Earth, about the composition, structure and boundaries of the biosphere, and the cycle of substances in nature.

The hotel industry in India has witnessed significant growth in recent years, driven by an increase in both domestic and international tourism. However, this growth trajectory has not been without its challenges. This study explores the various barriers hindering the expansion of the hotel industry in India, examining factors such as regulatory hurdles, infrastructural deficiencies, labor shortages, and economic instability. Through a comprehensive analysis of these obstacles, the study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex landscape facing hotel operators in India. Additionally, it offers insights into potential strategies to overcome these barriers and promote sustainable growth within the sector. The findings of this study are based on qualitative data gathered from industry experts, hotel managers, and policymakers, combined with a review of existing literature on the subject. By highlighting the critical challenges and proposing viable solutions, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on enhancing the competitiveness and resilience of India's hotel industry.

The article analyzes the essence of political conflicts of Western thinkers and classifications of their changing character, historical-political views on political conflicts.

This study, titled Unmasking AI: How Media Shapes Students' Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Technology, explores how media representations influence undergraduate students' understanding and attitudes toward artificial intelligence (AI) in public universities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. A sample of 391 students was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire. The study addressed three key research questions and tested three null hypotheses, examining students' perceptions of AI, their awareness of AI technologies, and the influence of media portrayals on their attitudes. The cross-sectional survey design enabled the collection of data at a specific point in time, capturing contemporary views on AI and media influence. The analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics to summarize central tendencies and trends in the data, while t-tests were applied to compare the mean responses of male and female students. Results showed that a significant number of students associate AI with robots and expressed concerns about AI technologies replacing human jobs. The study also found no significant difference between male and female students' perceptions of AI or the media’s influence on their attitudes. The findings highlight the powerful role of media in shaping AI narratives and suggest the need for AI education to promote a more balanced and informed understanding. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and AI developers to address misconceptions and prepare students for the evolving technological landscape.

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) technology, which uses visible light for high-speed data transmission, offers a promising alternative to traditional radio frequency-based communication systems. While much research has focused on optimizing Li-Fi for various applications, there remains a gap in understanding how the performance of Li-Fi is affected when the transmitter and receiver are positioned at inclined angles. This study aims to analyze the impact of different inclinations on Li-Fi signal quality, data transmission rates, and overall system performance. Through a series of controlled experiments, we investigate how varying the angle between the light source and the receiver affects factors such as signal strength, bit error rate (BER), and bandwidth. The results demonstrate that even slight inclinations can significantly alter signal reception, leading to variations in data transmission efficiency and reliability. Our findings suggest that for optimal deployment of Li-Fi systems, particularly in dynamic environments where inclination angles frequently change, careful consideration must be given to the positioning and orientation of devices. This research provides crucial insights into the design and implementation of more robust Li-Fi communication systems, paving the way for enhanced performance in real-world applications.