This article explores the theoretical and methodological foundations of developing cloud computing solutions, which have become one of the primary tools for optimizing business processes and accelerating innovation in today’s digital landscape. The relevance of the topic stems from the growing volume of data and the need for flexible resource management, making the cloud an indispensable mechanism for ensuring sustainable organizational growth. The novelty of this study lies in its synthesis of economic, architectural, and organizational approaches, with particular attention to the risk of vendor lock-in and the integration potential of edge computing. The article examines various service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), their specific features and areas of application, and identifies factors influencing successful migration to cloud environments and the development of flexible risk mitigation strategies. Special focus is given to implementation experiences within small and medium-sized enterprises and educational institutions. The primary goal of the article is to establish a systematic understanding of cloud computing solutions and to provide recommendations for their effective deployment. To achieve this, the study employs comparative analysis, source systematization, and a critical methodological approach. The conclusion presents key insights into how cloud computing influences organizational resilience and competitiveness. This article will be of interest to researchers, IT professionals, and managers aiming to integrate cloud technologies into their operations.

cloud computing, theoretical and methodological aspects, IaaS, vendor lock-in risk, edge computing, digital transformation

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