This study investigates the impact of water deficit stress on the biomass production of different gladiolus cultivars under rainfed conditions. Water scarcity is a significant challenge in agricultural systems, and understanding its effects on ornamental crops is crucial for sustainable production. Through controlled experiments, the research assesses the responses of various gladiolus cultivars to varying levels of water deficit stress. Biomass production parameters, including plant height, leaf area, and shoot and root biomass, are measured and analyzed. The results provide insights into the adaptability of different gladiolus cultivars to water scarcity, contributing to informed cultivation practices for ornamental plants.

This study delves into the intricate dynamics of the Turkish horticultural industry, scrutinizing the impact of the Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) approach on international competitiveness. By employing a comprehensive analytical framework, we investigate how efficient resource allocation, production processes, and market strategies contribute to elevating the standing of Turkish horticultural products in the global arena. Through an in-depth examination of case studies and empirical data, the research unveils key determinants shaping competitiveness and offers insights into optimizing the DRC approach for sustained success.