The present study aimed to assess the hepatic effects of the alcoholic extract of Citrullus colocynthis on rat livers and perform antibacterial screening of the plant. The alcoholic extract of Citrullus colocynthis was prepared using standard extraction techniques. Male rats were orally administered varying doses of the extract, and liver function parameters including serum liver enzymes (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase), total bilirubin, and histopathological changes were evaluated. Furthermore, the extract was subjected to antibacterial screening against selected bacterial strains using well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. The results indicated a dose-dependent increase in liver enzymes and total bilirubin levels, suggesting hepatotoxic effects of the extract. Histopathological examination revealed severe hepatocellular damage, including necrosis and inflammation, in the liver tissues of rats treated with high doses of the extract. In terms of antibacterial activity, the extract showed significant inhibitory effects against tested bacterial strains, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These findings highlight the hepatotoxic potential of the alcoholic extract of Citrullus colocynthis and its promising antibacterial properties, warranting further investigation for the identification of active compounds and their potential therapeutic applications.

This study investigates the impact of shade conditions and various conventional nutrient sources on the plant performance of Anthurium andraeanum. Anthurium andraeanum, a popular ornamental plant, is influenced by environmental factors and nutrient availability. The research involves controlled experiments that examine the growth, morphology, and physiological responses of Anthurium andraeanum under different levels of shading and with different conventional nutrient treatments. The results reveal the interactions between shade conditions, nutrient sources, and plant responses, providing valuable insights into optimizing the cultivation practices for this ornamental species.