The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations

LEVERAGING RURAL AREAS & EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURAL & NON AGRICULTURAL SECTORS TO ERADICATE HOMELESSNESS IN USA: A STUDY OF RURAL, SUBURBAN, AND URBAN CoCs INCLUDING A MAJOR CITY CoC.

Omolara Adebimpe Adekanbi — 2024-05-03

The study aims to explore the potential of using rural areas to develop strategies to end homelessness, including job creation initiatives, by examining the relationships between homelessness, urban and rural areas, and unemployment rates. Using descriptive analysis; histograms, summary tables, and regression analysis, the research finds a lower incidence of homelessness in rural areas. Regression results indicate that homelessness increases by 1294 individuals in urban areas but decreases by 402 individuals in rural areas per unit increase in the count of rural areas. Additionally, homelessness increases by 202 individuals for every unit increase in the unemployment rate. ANCOVA testing confirms the significant impact of Area Category (<0.001) on homelessness, with unemployment rates being lowest and highest in Largely Rural areas among the sampled locations.

FORMATION OF COLOR ASSOCIATIONS THROUGH SYNONYMS, ANTONYMS AND HOMONYMS DENOTING COLOR

Ranokhan A. Ubaydullayeva — 2024-05-12

This study investigates the formation of color associations through synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms denoting color. It explores how language shapes our perception and cognition of color, examining the nuanced relationships between words and their corresponding hues. By analyzing linguistic data and experimental findings, this research sheds light on the intricate interplay between language and color cognition, offering insights into the mechanisms underlying the formation of color associations.

CAN THE APPLICATION OF AGROFORESTRY AT MONOCULTURAL FOOD CROP AREAS SUPPORT MANUFACTURER CHEMICAL FERTILIZER REDUCTION PROGRAMS WITHOUT SACRIFICING FARMERS' INCOME?

Samsul Bakri — 2024-05-15

In an agroforestry system, nutrients from the subsoil can be made available to food plants through the absorption process by trees with deep roots. However, shade from canopy tree plants can suppress photosynthesis and reduce food crop production and farmer income [INCM]. This antagonism needs to be evaluated when introducing agroforestry programs into monoculture food crop areas to reduce manufactured chemical fertilizers application. This research was carried out from June to August 2023 at Natar District, South Lampung Regency to determine the effect of tree strata (teak, acacia, and albizia), multi-proposed tree species or MPTS (Parkia speciosa, avocado, and jack fruit), shrubs (coffee and cacao), and ground cover (vegetables, peanut, and soybean) to [INCM]. Interviewing forty respondents who were still retaining one or more of these tree strata among food crops including upland rice, corn, and cassava. The OLS (ordinary least square) model was employed at 90% confidence level. To eliminate the model error, the variables ownership of productive assets (upland, cattle, sheep, and cock), fertilizer application (urea, ponska, KCl and liquid fertilizer), compost, and pesticide use were also incorporated in the model. The results suggest the significant effects: (1) that positive ones are acacia, teak, vegetables, peanuts, and, soybeans, respectively USD 86.4 (P=0.000); 88.3 (P=0.000); 109,5 (P=0.000); 114.6 (P =0.000); 145.1 (P=0.000); and (2) which negative were Albizia falcataria, Parkia speciosa, avocado, coffee, and cacao respectively of around USD 31,7 (P=0.002); 57.1 (P=0.000); 43.2 (P=0.003); 62,0 (P=0.000) and 96.37 (P=0.000).

THE EFFECT OF FEMINISM ON EGYPTIAN LITERATURE

Mohammed Salim Abdulameer — 2024-05-12

This study examines the contemporary Egyptian female subculture movements that have brought life to the nation's media landscape. According to the study, women have created unique strategies for encouraging a shared discussion on the significance of social change. Their emphasis on lifestyle issues often reserved for closed-door private discussions enables them to question social norms without upsetting the government or security services and entering the polarised political environment. This article examines the objectives and internal workings of three distinct online feminist initiatives using case studies. Through semi-structured interviews with important participants, we were able to understand the evolution of these groups from networks to movements and ultimately into the organizations we are familiar with today.

Influence of Anthropogenic Pollution on Soil and Plants of Gosa Dumpsite, Abuja, Nigeria

Aderonke Perpetua Ajama — 2024-05-15

Despite increased awareness of the causes of environmental pollution, it continues to pose a serious threat to both developed and developing countries worldwide. The Gosa dumpsite in Abuja serves as a receptacle for various waste materials from both high and low-income areas of the metropolis. Surprisingly, peri-urban farmers residing in the vicinity still cultivate edible crops on this polluted land. This study aims to assess the impact of waste dumping at Gosa dumpsite on selected soil properties and the uptake of heavy metals by plants.

In order to achieve this objective, soil and plant samples were collected from established 5 x 5 m2 quadrants during the early and late dry as well as rainy seasons of 2019 and 2020. The collected samples underwent analysis using standard methods to determine their physical and chemical properties. Additionally, the study identified the dominant plant species within the dumpsite through standard methods.

The findings revealed that the dumpsite soil exhibited characteristics of loamy sand, with the highest pH value of 8.85 ± 0.90 recorded during the dry season of 2020. Other significant soil results included total nitrogen at 1.09 ± 0.64 g kg-1, organic carbon at 9.88 ± 0.10 g kg-1, Cd at 11.93 ± 2.25 mg kg-1, Hg at 2.18 ± 1.08 mg kg-1, and Pb at 54.68 ± 8.68 mg kg-1, all of which were observed during the early rainy season of 2020. During the remaining seasons considered, lower values were obtained. Notably, these values exceeded the permissible levels set by the FAO for soil intended for cultivating edible crops.

Furthermore, the plant species Ageratum conyzoides demonstrated the highest uptake of heavy metals, with concentrations of 4.47 ± 1.15 mg kg-1 for Cd, 1.77 ± 1.08 mg kg-1 for Hg, and 19.56 ± 4.83 mg kg-1 for Pb, all recorded during the early dry season of 2020.

In conclusion, although the Gosa dumpsite in Abuja may appear fertile enough for cultivation, the study's results highlight that it cannot be deemed suitable for the production of edible crops. The presence of heavy metals and other pollutants in the soil poses a significant risk to crop health and, consequently, to human consumption.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEK-TAJIK INTERSTATE RELATIONS

Bakhtiyor B. Usmanov — 2024-05-15

The states of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan are considered neighbors that have been tested for centuries. During the years of independence, these two countries achieved further strengthening of neighborly relations. The article discusses these processes.

STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AS A STRATEGY TO LEARN ABOUT CULTURES

Akharraz Mohamad — 2024-05-02

This study explored EFL students’ perceptions of merging the project-based learning strategy (PjBL) and the three-part cultural framework (products, practices, and perspectives = the 3Ps) to learn about cultures. Shortly after having been exposed to twenty-four-week lessons on their home and English-speaking cultures using the PjBL strategy and the 3Ps framework, thirty-four research participants completed questionnaires and were interviewed. Data analysis indicated that the participants held highly favorable opinions in regard to combining PjBL and the 3Ps as an effective strategy for culture learning in EFL classrooms. Students acknowledged that they gained a deeper understanding of American, British, and their home cultures, specifically in relation to the five thematic units they explored systematically. Despite challenges militating against its implementation, the amalgamation of PjBL and the 3Ps framework was reported to have offered multiple learning opportunities to autonomously bolster the research participants’ knowledge of cultural practices, products, and perspectives.

HARMONY OF ARCHITECTURE AND MONUMENTAL PAINTING IN THE ART OF UZBEKISTAN

Alikulov Alisher Makhmudovich — 2024-05-12

This study explores the harmony between architecture and monumental painting in the art of Uzbekistan. It investigates how architectural forms and decorative elements are integrated with painting techniques to create a cohesive visual language. Through an analysis of historical and contemporary examples, the research elucidates the cultural significance and aesthetic principles underlying this symbiotic relationship. By examining the interplay between architectural space and pictorial composition, this study offers insights into the unique artistic traditions of Uzbekistan and their enduring influence on architectural design and decorative arts.

DEFENDING BORDERS: MANAGING FOREIGN EMIGRATION DYNAMICS IN AFRICA

Pro. Santino Abiola — 2024-05-01

This study examines the complex dynamics surrounding foreign emigration and defense strategies in Africa. With increasing global migration trends, many African countries face challenges related to border security, immigration policies, and the management of foreign populations. Drawing on a multidisciplinary approach, this research explores the interplay between foreign emigration patterns and defense strategies in African nations. Key factors such as economic migration, political instability, and regional conflicts are analyzed to understand their impact on national security and defense mechanisms. Through case studies and empirical analysis, this study seeks to provide insights into effective strategies for managing foreign emigration dynamics while safeguarding national sovereignty and security interests in Africa.

A COGNITIVE STYLISTIC STUDY OF EPITHET SYSTEM IN COLSON WHITEHEAD’S FANTASY

Prof. Qasim Obayes Al-Azzawi (Ph. D.) — 2024-05-12

Attempts by cognitive stylists to explain readers' comprehension of literary texts face a significant challenge in bridging the author's and reader's worlds. Attempting to clarify the conceptual space that links the different discourse realms to the author-reader levels of interpretation is something that Werth (1999) does. This method offers a fresh perspective on how we think about writing and reading. When it comes to interpreting literature using language models, cognitive stylistics goes farther than conventional stylistic accounting. It examines reading experiences, both comparable and different, by applying concepts from cognitive science regarding the mind, language, and the world. The purpose of this research is to examine Colson Whitehead's chosen novel through the lens of cognitive stylistic devices, with a focus on the impact of mental spaces on meaning interpretation. The poet's worldview can be better conceptualized through the use of these mental spaces in the construction of grammars. Not only are they utilized to model dynamic mapping in language and mind, but they also interact and aid in the integration of concepts throughout production. The study utilizes a descriptive qualitative method with the model of Text World Theory by Werth (1999). The study concludes that Text World Theory is used in a novel to describe the characters' lives in various locations, such as subways, kill fields, refuges, colleges, and streets. The protagonist's solitude, paralysis, and senseless state are depicted through the use of pronouns like 'he', 'they/routes', and 'it/gray'. The characters' world is described as tedious, paralyzed, and a gloomy environment. The epithets, which are adjectives and nouns, describe the protagonist's life in a dark, gloomy environment filled with corpses, bad smells, and crazy activities. These epithets help to convey the complexities of the characters' lives and the complexities of their world.

ASSESSMENT OF CONCIOSNESS, VIEW AND PRACTICES OF HOUSEHOLD ON ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION OF KADUNA STATE

Abubakar Danjuma Banduram — 2024-05-07

This research was designed to examine and analyze , the assessment of consciousness ,view and practice of house hold on environmental sanitation of kaduna state of Nigeria , Sanitation is a way of life , it is the quality living that is expressed, in clean home, clean farm, clean neighborhood and the entire community. One level of civilized living to which a community has attained is expressed by the quality of environmental sanitation , human health is closely to the total environment, that is, physical, biological and social in which people live. Effective sanitation through integrated approach to sewage and refuse disposal in Nigeria is an important way of reducing the incidence and prevalence of disease condition and of improving the quality of life. Through integrated approach to sewage and refuse disposal in Nigeria is an important way of reducing the incidence and prevalence of disease condition and of improving the quality of life , recommendation were indicated which include that government should swing into action by providing various measure in order to prevent and reduces diesease in the kaduna town. our water should be properly treated by adding chlorine to it before drinking and bathing with it , we also advice to keep clean areas where food are prepared and these food should be properly covered to avoid outbreak of a diesease.

CROSSING BORDERS: INVESTIGATING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN IMMIGRANT ENCLAVES OF MULTICULTURAL SOCIETIES

Elang Nasution — 2024-05-04

In multicultural societies, immigrant enclaves serve as focal points where diverse cultures intersect, presenting unique challenges and opportunities for intercultural communication. This study explores the dynamics of intercultural communication within immigrant regions, aiming to uncover the factors that shape interactions among individuals from different cultural backgrounds. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks from intercultural communication studies, sociology, and anthropology, this research examines the role of language, identity, power dynamics, and acculturation processes in shaping communication patterns in immigrant enclaves. Through qualitative analysis of ethnographic data and interviews with residents, this study sheds light on the complexities of navigating cultural diversity and negotiating meaning within these heterogeneous spaces. The findings offer insights into the mechanisms of cultural adaptation, conflict resolution, and identity negotiation, contributing to a deeper understanding of intercultural communication in immigrant communities.

FORMATION OF THE FOUNDATIONS OF FOREIGN POLICY ACTIVITIES FOR CONDUCTING INTERSTATE RELATION

Bakhtiyor B. Usmanov — 2024-05-15

The leadership of Uzbekistan from the first days of gaining independence, showed great concern for an active multilateral foreign policy that meets the national interests of the country. At the same time, based on the strategy, principles and priority areas of foreign policy, Uzbekistan began to pay great attention to the establishment of international relations on an equal basis and the development of bilateral cooperation with almost all countries of the world community