The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology

Legal measures applied for crimes and administrative offences

2025-04-09T18:17:48+00:00

This article provides a comparative - legal analysis of measures of legal impact for crimes and administrative offences. In particular, it shows the similarity and difference of measures of legal impact in the form of deprivation of a certain (special) right applied for violation of traffic safety rules, provided by the Criminal Code and the Code of Administrative Responsibility of the Republic of Uzbekistan, points out the existing contradictions and gaps in the legislation, in this regard, proposals for their elimination are given.

Fight against corruption in the field of public procurement

2025-04-15T08:15:31+00:00

This research paper examines practical problems in areas of public procurement susceptible to corruption, as well as scientifically based proposals and considerations for solving these problems.

Uzbekistan’s first female lawyer

2025-04-12T18:47:59+00:00

Diloro (also known as Dinara) Yusupova – Uzbekistan’s first female lawyer, assistant to the Prosecutor of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 1935. On October 28, 1937, Diloro Yusupova was formally charged under Article 68 of the Criminal Code of the Uzbek SSR. After her release, Diloro Yusupova took full responsibility for her family, rejoined the party, and was reinstated in the prosecutor’s office. In 1939, she worked in arbitration, and during World War II, she served as the chair of the commission responsible for the social welfare of military personnel and war-disabled families.

The role of trade unions in legal support of collective agreements

2025-04-09T18:20:37+00:00

In the article below, scientists are given such concepts as “collective agreement”, “collective negotiations”. In addition, the place of trade unions in matters of including a collective agreement at an enterprise is revealed, and the stages of collective negotiations between the employer and employees of the organization regarding the conclusion, amendment and operation of a collective agreement are listed, and different versions of scientists about who are the parties to the collective agreement are discussed. In addition, the author tried to describe and give examples to disclose the subject, types and purposes of including collective agreements, those benefits that may be provided for by the norms of this document; for this purpose, the methodology of comparative analysis of collective agreements of the Republic of Uzbekistan was used (indicating statistics on the conclusion of collective agreements in the republic) with other foreign countries. International labor standards in the field of labor are considered, citing the norms of the Conventions of the International Labor Organization (ratified by the Republic of Uzbekistan), regulating issues of collective bargaining and freedom to conclude a collective agreement at the enterprise. In the conclusion, the author gives several proposals for improving legislation in this direction.

Reconceptualizing male rape: a socio-legal perspective

2025-04-01T18:16:09+00:00

Male rape is a deeply underexplored and often misunderstood issue within both legal and social frameworks. This article seeks to develop a socio-legal theory of male rape by examining existing legal definitions, societal perceptions, and the intersection of gender, power, and sexual violence. Drawing from existing literature and theoretical perspectives, this paper argues for a more comprehensive understanding of male rape that integrates legal, psychological, and social factors. The research presents an analysis of how male rape is treated in legal systems, the stereotypes surrounding male victims, and the consequences of these factors on male survivors. In addition, it proposes a socio-legal model that can more effectively address the needs of male rape victims, while challenging societal perceptions of masculinity and power. This article aims to inform both legal reform and public policy in addressing male sexual violence more effectively.

Analysis of objective and subjective elements of the crime of document forgery, selling, or using forged documents

2025-04-13T02:56:17+00:00

Document forgery represents one of the most pervasive and multifaceted crimes across jurisdictions, affecting areas such as contract law, property rights, financial transactions, and public trust in government-issued records. This study analyzes the objective (actus reus) and subjective (mens rea) elements of document forgery, selling of forged documents, and using forged documents, drawing on an extensive body of international legal scholarship, case law, and statutory frameworks. We discuss the conceptual foundations of forgery, the delineation between material and intellectual falsification, the significance of intent to deceive, and the punishments enforced. The article also explores emerging forms of forgery in electronic domains (e.g., digital signatures, manipulated images, and cyber-facilitated document falsification) and explains the forensic methodologies used to detect and prosecute these offenses. Ultimately, we highlight that while the objective elements require a demonstrable alteration or creation of a false document with legal significance, the subjective elements demand specific intent or knowledge of falsity aimed at deceiving a targeted party. The implications for legislative policy, prosecutorial practice, and emerging technologies in crime detection are discussed at length, drawing upon dozens of referenced scholarly works and statutory provisions.

International standards and recommendations for implementing compliance control systems in the banking sector

2025-04-12T08:37:54+00:00

This paper explores the international standards and recommendations for implementing compliance control systems in the banking sector. Compliance control systems are essential for ensuring that banks operate within legal and regulatory frameworks, thereby maintaining financial stability and integrity. The study examines key guidelines and best practices from global regulatory bodies, such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the OECD, the Wolfsberg Group, the World Bank, and the Financial Action Task Force, highlighting their significance in fostering a robust compliance culture. Furthermore, it analyses the challenges and benefits associated with adopting these standards, providing insights into effective implementation strategies for banking institutions.