Systematic Analysis Of Two Helmint Fauna In Poultry

The article describes a systematic analysis of the helminth fauna of some domestic birds (chicken, duck, goose). As a result of research, 38 species of helminths were identified, of which 9 species belong to trematodes, 12 species to cestodes, and 17 species to nematodes. 2-picture. Distribution of helminth species identified in chickens,


INTRODUCTION
Currently, great attention is paid to the poultry sector as the most profitable sector of agriculture. However, due to parasitic helminths and helminthiasis (ascaridosis, heterocytosis, echinostomatidosis, raetinosis, hymenolepidosis, aminodostomatidosis, capillariosis), the quality and quantity of poultry products decreases, and in most cases, especially young chickens die. A comprehensive study of bird helminths, ie the study of their species composition, distribution, seasonal dynamics and laws of formation of helminth fauna is one of the current issues in modern zoology, through which it is possible to develop effective methods to prevent and control these parasitic diseases. In Uzbekistan, helminths of poultry, including chickens, ducks and geese, have been studied by researchers such as MA Sultanov [5], HT Tangirov [6], VD Alimova [2], DA Azimov [1]. studied. MA Sultanov [5] conducted research on the systematics, fauna, ecology and biology of poultry and birds of hunting importance in Uzbekistan. HT Tangirov [6] studied the ecological monitoring of helminths of wild birds and poultry in Uzbekistan. VDAlimova [2] [1] determined the prevalence of helminthiasis in chickens, such as ascariasis, heterocytosis, syngamosis, prostagonimosis, scrabiniosis, rayitinosis, and developed measures to treat these diseases.

RESEARCH MATERIAL AND METHODS
The research was carried out on the basis of Academician KI Scriabin's "Complete helminthological cracking" [4] and N. Dubinina's "Parasitological examination of birds" [3], which are widely used in the study of bird helminths.

RESEARCH RESULTS
We systematically analyzed 38 species of helminths found during our research. Of these, 9 species belong to trematodes, 12 species to cestodes, and 17 species to nematodes. A systematic analysis of 32 species of helminths found in chickens revealed the presence of 9 species of trematodes, 10 species of cestodes, and 13 species of nematodes. A systematic analysis of 12 species of helminths found in ducks revealed the presence of 4 species of trematodes, 4 species of cestodes, and 4 species of nematodes. Systematic analysis of 4 species of helminths found in geese revealed the presence of 2 species of trematodes and 2 species of nematodes (picture-1).
The helminths found in chickens belong to 3 classes, 5 genera, 7 subspecies, 12 families, 18 genera and 32 species. The helminth species identified in chickens are divided into categories as follows: 8 species belonging to the subfamily Echinostomata from the class Trematodes, 1 species belonging to the subfamily Heterophyata, 10 species belonging to the family Cyclophyllida from the class Cestodes, 1 species belonging to the genus Rhabditida 1 species, 4 species belonging to the genus Trichocephalida.
The helminths found in ducks belong to 3 classes, 4 genera, 4 subspecies, 4 families, 9 genera and 12 species. The species of helminths identified in ducks are divided into categories as follows: 4 species from the class Echinostomata subspecies from the class Trematodes, 4 species from the class Cestlophyllida from the class Cestodes, 2 species from the genus Rhabditida from the class Nematodes, 2 species from the family Ascaridida.
The helminths found in geese belong to 2 classes, 3 genera, 3 subspecies, 3 families, 3 genera and 4 species. The helminth species identified in geese are divided into categories as follows: 2 species from the class Echinostomata subclass of the class Trematodes, 1 species belonging to the genus Ascaridida from the class nematodes, 1 species belonging to the genus Trichocephalida (picture-2).
In ducks, the highest rate of helminth infestation was observed among nematodes (IZ-2.75, EZ-12.5%). Infection with the lowest rate of helminths was observed among trematodes (IZ-2, EZ-10%). Of the 3 affected geese, an average of IZ-1.5 (EZ-25%) was detected in trematodes and an average of IZ-2 (EZ-25%) in nematodes. Infection with cestodes was not observed in geese. It was found to be equally affected by trematodes and nematodes (Table-1).
Chickens were infected with an average of 7.3 cestodes, 2.3 trematodes, and 12.3 nematodes. Ducks were infected with an average of 2.5 cestodes, 2 trematodes, and 2.75 nematodes.
In geese, an average of 1.5 trematodes and 2 nematodes were found to be infected, but no lesions with cestodes were observed in them (picture-3).