Depth Faults Along The Regmatic Network Of The Chatkalo-Kuramin Region And Their Relationship With Seismicity

Lineaments were identified using LANDSAT-8 satellite images and digital elevation models obtained from the ASTER GDEM satellite over the Chatkal-Kuramin region. Taking into account the stock materials and a comprehensive analysis of the results of processing remote sensing data, a map of lineaments of a 1: 100,000 regmatic network was compiled. Based on the automated visual lineament analysis in the Geomatica PCI program, lineaments of the regmatic network were obtained, which are located in the focal zones of strong earthquakes.


INTRODUCTION
The presence of a regmatic network of faults in Central Asia is substantiated in the works of VV Kiselev, VG Korolev [1], OM Borisov [2,3], D.Kh. Yakubov and others [4], V. S. Burmana [5], L. M. Rassvetaeva and others [6]. It was found that a single network of straight-line faults consists of six components, and the angular intervals between the rays vary from 22 to 23 °. However, in space, their density and completeness of manifestation are different and most often in a particular region a 4 or 6-component network is more pronounced. The stability of the strike allowed V.S.Burtman to call it stationary [5].
In the Chatkalo-Kuramin mountains, for the first time, a regmatic lineament-rupture network based on the interpretation of aerial photographic materials was described by A.K. Glukh [7], who identified six main components (0 °, 20 °, 60 °, 90 °, 310 °, 340 °) The American Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN -2689-0992) Published: December 27, 2020 | Pages: 68-76 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajas/Volume02Issue12-11 IMPACT FACTOR 2020: 5. 276 OCLC -1121105553 lineament is used. For the first time this term was used in 1904 by the American geomorphologist Hobbs [8]. According to which, at present, lineament is understood as any rectilinear change in the relief of the earth's surface, landscape and geographical objects. Ya.G. Kats et al. Noted that in accordance with the initial materials of interpretation, lineaments in the seismic fieldseismic lineaments -can be distinguished [9].
Deciphering linear structures in seismic zoning is used in a number of areas of earth science. Based on this, the lineaments were deciphered using stock materials and seismological analysis of the studied territories was carried out.
Seismic lineament are understood as a strip quasi-linear arrangement of sources of modern and ancient earthquakes of various magnitudes and depths [10,11].

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The object of research is a mountain structure, united by the name of the Chatkalo-Kuramin region and located in the Middle Tien Shan.
In the morphological appearance of the Chatkal-Kuramin region, the features of connections between the relief and structures are clearly expressed. The ubiquitous nature of the manifestation of the latest tectonic movements determines the features of the modern relief.
This work was carried out on the basis of the use of automated lineament analysis in the Geomatica PCI program, which makes it possible to obtain linear structures.
In order to identify lineaments, an automated interpretation of the data of digital elevation models obtained from the ASTER GDEM satellite was carried out and, taking into account the stock materials, maps of lineaments of 1: 100,000 scale were compiled (Fig. 1).  The Chatkal-Kuramin region is an area of block tectonics with the expression in the relief of the newest and updated faults inherited from the ancient and periodically renewed at various stages of the development of the region's crust. The region is characterized by spatial continuity in the development of young structural forms from older ones. Almost all faults in the region are inherited and renewed [12,13].  [14]. In the Chatkal zone, northwestern faults serve as transverse seams that divide large northeastern consedimentary structures into blocks of various levels with maximum subsidence in the southwestern direction.
It has been established that tectonic nodes are the place where the redistribution of elastic energy and deformation of the earth's crust occurs. The structural features of the nodes are: mosaic (fragmentation) of the relief, variegation (both in composition and age) of rocks, a large number of linear relief forms [15].
The resulting lineament maps are compared with the catalogs of earthquakes from 11.11.1920 to 11.11.2020, obtained from the site https://earthquake.usgs.gov/. The mapped deep fault zone, the intersection nodes of multidirectional faults and structures in many cases control the position of the earthquake catalog (Fig. 2 [14].
The tectonic structure of the area is determined by a relatively complexly dislocated Paleozoic basement, the formation of which took place during the Varissian orogeny and ended in the era of Alpine folding.
According to the distribution of earthquakes for 1960-2017 within the active structures of the Northern Fergana, the Kuramin and Chatkal uplifts, areas of earthquake concentration are identified, which reflect the processes of dynamic segmentation and dynamic sectorization of active structures [16].
As a result of research work, a map of the density field of tectonic disturbance in an isolinear form along different directions of the fault grid and a map of the total field (taking into account faults of all directions and faults) were compiled. The differences in the density of the faults reflected on the maps made it possible to record in detail the block structure of the earth's crust of the Chatkal-Kuramin region, to reveal faults (hidden, through type, block-limiting, block-dividing and most active blocks) and to identify seismologically important (predicted) directions of the fault grid and intervals (areas) density fields of tectonic disturbance (Fig. 3). It has been established that intense deformations occur in seismic areas due to global and regional stress fields occurring in fault zones [20], since an earthquake occurs in fault zones or a fault is formed in focal zones of earthquakes. To construct the mechanism of the source of earthquakes, it is necessary to apply radar interferometry through the processing of materials from radar satellite images.
For the territory of Central Asia, it was established that although most of the regional deep faults spatially coincide with the lineaments [3][4], in our opinion, in the territory of the Chatkal-Kuramin region

CONCLUSION
On the territory of the Chatkal-Kuramin region, methodological methods of using tectonic fracturing as one of the criteria for assessing seismic hazard were previously developed [21]. Fig. 3 that the catalog of earthquakes on the map of the tectonic disturbance density field is located within the boundaries of the fracture zone of the average value.
The field of elastic stresses and strains is an important characteristic of the dynamics of the earth's crust and its seismicity [22]. The study of seismicity and seismic dislocation of the Chatkal-Kuramin region using the results of decoding the materials of remote sensing of the Earth, made it possible to identify the main seismic control lineaments, which are located in the multidirectional fault zone in the source zones of strong earthquakes.